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Overview |
Main identification features
- snout pointed, projecting
- tail: ~6 large thorns
Disc oval, somewhat broader than long; front-side margins of disc nearly straight; tip of snout pointed, usually well projecting; eyes small; tail length greater than one-half total length; tail fin relatively rounded and narrow, its dorsal and ventral lobes not united; small weak denticles sparsely covering disc and tail and row of ~6 large thorns on top midline of tail.
Upper surface grey-brown in center shading to pinkish brown around disc edges; underside white center, pinkish brown edges.
Size: attains at least 50 cm (disc width 23 cm).
Habitat: sandy and muddy bottoms.
Depth: 5-100 m.
Southern Baja California to the Gulf of California to Peru.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 100 m.
Depth Range Min: 5 m.
Diet: bony fishes; mobile benthic worms; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); octopus/squid/cuttlefish.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=32; Southern limit=-6; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=38; Longitudinal range=37.
Egg Type: Live birth; No pelagic larva; No pelagic phase.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Mud; Sand & gravel; Soft bottom only; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove).
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 50 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; 3 provinces (Cortez + Mexican + Panamic) endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Brackish.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Beebe , W. and Tee-Van, J., 1941., Eastern Pacific expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. XXVIII. Fishes from the tropical eastern Pacific. (From Cedros Island, Lower California, South to the Galápagos Islands and northern Peru.) Part 3. Rays, mantas and chimaeras., Zoologica, 26(3):245-280.
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Castri-Aguirre, J.L., Espinoza-Pérez, H. and Schmitter-Soto, J.J., 2002., Lista sitemática, biogeográfica y ecológica de la ictiofauna estuarino lagunar y vicaria de México. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:117-142.
- Castro-Aguirre, J.L., 1999., Ictiofauna estuarino-lagunar y vicaria de México., Editorial Limusa S.A. de C.V.: 1-629pp.
- Compagno, L.J.V., 1999., Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In Hamlett W.C. (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes., The John Hopkins University Press:471-498.
- De la Cruz , J. , Galvan , F. , Abitia , L. A. , Rodriguez , J. and Gutierrez, F. J., 1994., Lista sistematica de los peces marinos de Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Systematic List of marine fishes from Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico)., Ciencias Marinas, 20:17-31.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1896., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part I., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1-1240.
- Jordan , D.S. and Gilbert, C.H., 1882., Descriptions of nineteen new species of fishes from the Bay of Panama., Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., 1:306-335.
- Kendall , W.C. and Radcliffe, L., 1912., The shore fishes. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, ... by the U.S. Fish Commission steamer ALBATROSS, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L.M. Garret, U.S.N., Commanding. XXV., Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 35(3):75-171.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1998., Urotrygon cimar, a new eastern Pacific stingray (Pisces: Urolophidae)., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 46(6):271-277.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1923., The marine fishes of Panama. Part I., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:1-330.
- Miyake , T. and McEachran, J.D., 1986., Taxonomy of the stingray genus Urotrygon (Myliobatiformes: Urolophidae): preliminary results based on external morphology. In Indo-Pacific Fish Biology: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Indo-Pacific Fishes. T. Uyeno, et. al. eds., Ichthyologycal Society of Japan:291-302.
- Miyake , T. and McEachran, J.D., 1988., Three new species of the stingray genus Urotyrgon (Myliobatiformes: Urolophidae) from the eastern Pacific., Bull. Mar. Sci., 42(3):366-375.
- Rubio , R. E. A. and Estupiñan, F., 1990., Ictiofauna del Parque Nacional Natural Sanquianga, un Analisis de su Estructura y Perspectivas para su Manejo., Memorias del VII Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias y Tecnologías del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :660-670.
- Rubio, E.A., 1986., Notas sobre la ictiofauna de la Isla de Gorgona, Colombia., Boletin Ecotropica. Univ. Bog. Jorge Tadeo Lozano, 13:86-112.
- Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
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I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Urotrygon&speciesname=aspidura ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Urotrygon&speciesname=aspidura http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Urotrygon&speciesname=aspidura ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Urotrygon&speciesname=aspidura https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Urotrygon&speciesname=aspidura ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Urotrygon-aspidura.html
Urotrygon aspidura, Panamic stingray
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Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes
(Stingrays) >
Urotrygonidae
(American round stingrays)
Etymology:
Urotrygon:
Greek, oura = tail + Greek, trygon = a sting ray (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on authors:
Jordan
&
Gilbert
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 5 - 100 m (Ref.
96339
). Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: Costa Rica and Panama.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
96339
); common length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9265
)
Benthic in coastal waters over soft bottoms. Venomous spine on tail.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
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Spawning
|
Eggs
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Fecundity
|
Larvae
McEachran, J.D.
, 1995. Urolophidae. Rayas redondas. p. 786-792. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref.
9265
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Near Threatened (NT)
(A2d); Date assessed:
24 February 2020
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Venomous (Ref.
9265
)
Human uses
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 18.4 - 28.7, mean 24.9 °C (based on 96 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00523 - 0.02196), b=3.06 (2.87 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.8 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 43.3 [11.2, 219.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.804 [0.210, 2.354] mg/100g; Protein = 20.7 [15.7, 25.8] %; Omega3 = 0.175 [0.047, 0.539] g/100g; Selenium = 38.1 [11.3, 120.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.5 [7.8, 74.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.59, 2.28] mg/100g (wet weight);
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Updated: 2024-05-23 04:55:59 gmt
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