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Porichthys analis Hubbs and Schultz, 1939
DARKEDGE MIDSHIPMAN
Gulf saddled toadfish

Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Batrachoididae   Porichthys

Porichthys analis
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Porichthys analis

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Overview
Main identification features
  • ~7 saddles on back
  • border d: 6 blotches
  • c: dark border
  • lower gill rakers: 10-13
  • lower lateral lineends ~5 pores behind its row of light organs
  • anal fin has 33-39 rays, dark margin
Dorsal rays II + 34-41; anal rays 33-39; 10-13 rakers on lower limb of 1st gill arch; last dorsal and anal rays separate from caudal fin; head and body scaleless; a sharp, non-venomous spine on upper rear corner of gill cover; four lateral lines with conspicuous rows of light organs; lower lateral line with 5 or more pores behind end of its light-organ row.

Tan or silvery whitish with 6-7 brown saddles along upper body; dorsal fin with ~6 blotches along outer half; tail with dark border; front part of anal fin with dark margin.

Size: grows to at least 30 cm.

Inhabits sand and mud bottoms.

Depth: 1-225 m.

Southern Baja and the Gulf of California to central Mexico.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos).
Depth Range Max: 225 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; bony fishes; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs).
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=32; Southern limit=19; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-103; Latitudinal range=13; Longitudinal range=12.
Egg Type: Benthic; No pelagic larva; No pelagic phase.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Sand & gravel; Soft bottom only; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove).
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 30 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; Cortez + Mexican provinces endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Castro-Aguirre , J. L. and Balart, E. F., 1997., Contribución al conocimiento de la ictiofauna de fondos blandos y someros de la Ensenada de La Paz y Bahía de La Paz, B.C.S.. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:139-150.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
  • García-Rodríguez , F. J. and Aurioles-Gamboa, D., 1997., Contribución al conocimiento de la diversidad íctica en la Bahía de La Paz por … lobo marino de California, Zalophus californianus californianus. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:151-162.
  • Hubbs , C.L and Schultz, L.P., 1939., A revision of the toadfishes referred to Porichthys and related genera., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 86(3060):473-496.
  • Morales-Nin, B., 1994., Growth of demersal fish species in the Mexican Pacific Ocean., Marine Biology, 121:211-217.
  • Pérez-Mellado, J., Findley, LL. F., 1985., Evaluación de la ictiofauna acompañante del camarón capturado en las costas de Sonora y norte de Sinaloa, México. In Yáñez-Arancibia, A. (Ed.) Recursos pesqueros potenciales de México: La pesca acompañante del camarón., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: Cap. 5:201-254.
  • Ricker, K.E., 1959., Mexican shore and pelagic fishes collected from Acapulco to Cape San Lucas during the 1957 cruise of the "Marijean"., Univ. Brit. Columbia Inst. Fish., Mus. Contrib., 3:18pp.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
  • Walker , H.J. and Rosenblatt, R.H., 1988., Pacific toadfishes of the genus Porichthys (Batrachoididae) with descriptions of three new species., Copeia, 1988:887-904.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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Porichthys analis, Darkedge midshipman
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Porichthys analis Hubbs & Schultz , 1939

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Pictures | Google image Image of Porichthys analis (Darkedge midshipman) Porichthys analis
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Batrachoidiformes (Toadfishes) > Batrachoididae (Toadfishes) > Porichthyinae
Etymology: Porichthys: Greek, poros = porous + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on authors: Hubbs & Schultz .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 360 m (Ref. 9277 ). Subtropical; 32°N - 18°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California to the Bay of Tenacatita, Mexico.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m 15.7   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.2 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 86316 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Ranges from the intertidal zone to a depth of 224 m (Ref. 9277 ). Maximum depth range from Ref. 119198.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Collette, Bruce B. | Collaborators

Collette, B.B. , 1995. Batrachoididae. Peje-sapos, sapos. p. 910-918. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9277 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 22 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





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FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 15.5 - 23.1, mean 18.5 °C (based on 28 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5001   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00399 - 0.01095), b=3.17 (3.03 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.9   ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low vulnerability (18 of 100).

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