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Gymnothorax verrilli (Jordan and Gilbert, 1883)
WHITE-EDGED MORAY
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Muraenidae   Gymnothorax

Gymnothorax verrilli
www.fao.org Copyright Michel Lamboeuf · 0
Gymnothorax verrilli
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Overview
Main identification features
  • slender
  • d: high, border black and white
  • pale brown, finely freckled
  • a: white margin
Body slender; tail about 1/2 total length; head ~31% of trunk length; eyes large, nearer end of mouth than front; front nostril a short tube; rear nostril a hole at skin level over front of eye; mouth 1/3 of head length; lower jaw curved, so mouth does not close completely; top jaw with 3 rows of teeth at front, 1 series along side; jaw teeth conical, straight to slightly curved and compressed, not serrated; teeth on front roof of mouth in 1 short row; gill opening small, a little wider than eye; dorsal and anal fins covered with skin, but evident, dorsal high (greatest height >1/2 body depth), with origin midway between gill opening and eye.

Preserved fish: Pale brown, finely freckled; dorsal with black border, narrow white margin; anal with white border; no black about eye or gill-opening.

Size: 45 cm.

Habitat: sand and mud bottoms.

Depth: 0-10 m.

Costa Rica and Panama and the tip of Baja California.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 10 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); bony fishes; octopus/squid/cuttlefish.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=25; Southern limit=8; Western limit=-112; Eastern limit=-79; Latitudinal range=17; Longitudinal range=33.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Mud; Sand & gravel; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 45 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; 3 provinces (Cortez + Mexican + Panamic) endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1896., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part I., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1-1240.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Gilbert, C.H., 1882., List of Fishes now in the Museum of Yale College, Collected by Prof. Frank H. Bradley, at Panama, with Descriptions of Three New Species., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 5:620-632.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Gilbert, C.H., 1883., List of the fishes now in the museum of Yale College, collected by Prof. Frank H. Bradley at panama, with descriptions of three new species., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 5(1882):620-632.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1923., The marine fishes of Panama. Part I., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:1-330.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gymnothorax&speciesname=verrilli ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gymnothorax&speciesname=verrilli
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https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gymnothorax&speciesname=verrilli ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Gymnothorax-verrilli.html
Gymnothorax verrilli, White-edged moray
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Gymnothorax verrilli ( Jordan & Gilbert , 1883 )

White-edged moray Upload your photos  and  videos
Pictures | Google image Image of Gymnothorax verrilli (White-edged moray) Gymnothorax verrilli
Picture by FAO

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) > Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range ? - 10 m (Ref. 9324 ). Tropical; 24°N - 8°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: southern Baja California to Panama.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9324 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits sand and mud bottoms until at least 10 m in depth.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

McCosker, J.E. and R.H. Rosenblatt , 1995. Muraenidae. Morenas. p. 1303-1315. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9324 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 24 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





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FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00047 (0.00025 - 0.00089), b=3.28 (3.13 - 3.43), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.9   ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).

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