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Overview |
Main identification features
- elongate
- pink; head - 3 yellow stripes
- side - dark blotch
- anal fin base - yellow stripe
Moderately elongate; head relatively large blintty pointed; mouth large (ends under front 1/3 of eye); jaw teeth curved + pointed, 2 large pairs at front of each jaw, a cane at near of top jaw; dorsal rays XI, 10; anal rays III, 10; pectoral rays 17 (rarely 18); lateral line unbroken, smoothly arched with 28 pored scales; forehead scaled to before nostrils.
Pinkish red on upper head and sides, white below, 3 bright yellow curved stripes on head and an oblong black blotch on each side above tip of pectoral fin; fins mostly pink except anal white with bright yellow stripe; juveniles with up to 6 dusky bars on side.
Size: to 23 cm.
Habitat: found on rubble and isolated rocky reefs in sandy areas.
Depth: 40-160 m.
The tip of Baja to the northern limit of Peru, and Cocos and the Galapagos.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California).
Depth Range Max: 160 m.
Depth Range Min: 40 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); octopus/squid/cuttlefish; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; mobile benthic worms.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=29; Southern limit=-4; Western limit=-113; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=33; Longitudinal range=35.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Sand & gravel; Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef and soft bottom; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove).
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 23 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Names | |
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Links to other sites | |
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References |
- Baldwin , C. C. and McCosker, J. E., 2001., Wrasses of the Galápagos Islands, with the description of a new deepwater species of Halichoeres (Perciformes: Labridae)., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 49(Supplement 1):89-100.
- Bussing, W.A., 1987., Los peces de la familia Labridae de la Costa Pacífica de Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 33:81-98.
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
- García-Rodríguez , F. J. and Aurioles-Gamboa, D., 1997., Contribución al conocimiento de la diversidad íctica en la Bahía de La Paz por … lobo marino de California, Zalophus californianus californianus. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:151-162.
- Gomon, M.F., 1974., A new eastern Pacific labrid (Pisces), Decodon melasma, a germinate species of the western Atlantic D. puellaris., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 87(19):205-216.
- Gomon, M.F., 1997., Relationships of fishes of the labrid tribe Hypsigenyini., Bull. Mar. Sci., 60:789-871.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Lea, R.N. and Rosenblatt, R.H., 2000., Observations on fishes associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño off California., CalCOFL Rep., 41:117-129.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
- Victor, B. C. and Wellington, G. M., 2000., Endemism and the pelagic larval duration of reef fishes in the eastern Pacific Ocean., Marine Ecology Progress Series, 205:241-248.
- Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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Following modified from FishBase
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Decodon&speciesname=melasma ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Decodon&speciesname=melasma
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Decodon&speciesname=melasma ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Decodon&speciesname=melasma
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Decodon&speciesname=melasma ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Decodon-melasma.html
Decodon melasma, Blackspot wrasse : fisheries
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Decodon melasma
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Robertson, R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Eupercaria/misc
(Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae
(Wrasses)
Etymology:
Decodon:
Greek, deka = ten + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref.
45335
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 40 - 160 m (Ref.
9311
). Tropical; 29°N - 3°S
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Ecuador.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
8.9
range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.3 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
55763
); common length : 16.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
55763
)
Body moderately slender and compressed; head large and pointed; teeth caniniform, enlarged, and somewhat crooked, two anterior pairs in each jaw; dorsal fin continuous, with 11 spines; lateral line slightly arched, with 28 scales; body reddish pink; belly paler; a black spot on the flank above posterior edge of pectoral fin; anal fin white (Ref.
55763
).
Lives over sandy bottoms with gravel and isolated reefs. Often caught in the open sea as a by-catch of trawlers fishing for prawns and shrimps. Each individual functions first as a female but later changes to a male (Ref.
47122
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Gomon, M.F.
, 1995. Labridae. Viejas, doncellasas, señoritas. p. 1201-1225. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref.
9311
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
23 May 2007
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 15 - 22.3, mean 17.2 °C (based on 31 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00456 - 0.02002), b=3.06 (2.89 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Very high
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 46.6 [28.2, 75.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.571 [0.340, 1.008] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [15.6, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.162 [0.109, 0.240] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [23.8, 63.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 107 [34, 383] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.3 [0.9, 2.0] mg/100g (wet weight);
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on line
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Updated: 2024-05-23 06:43:57 gmt
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