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Hoplias microlepis : fisheries
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Hoplias microlepis
Picture by
Béarez, P.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Characiformes
(Characins) >
Erythrinidae
(Trahiras)
Etymology:
Hoplias:
Greek, hoplon = weapon (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Günther
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; benthopelagic. Tropical; 26°C - 28°C (Ref.
36880
)
Central and South America: Pacific drainages of Panama; records in the Atlantic coast of Panama are restricted to the Canal Zone, suggesting dispersal through the Panama Canal; Puntarenas in southwestern Costa Rica; río Guayas basin in Ecuador and río Tumbes in northwestern Peru (Ref.
96873
); and Colombia (Ref.
37025
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
37025
)
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 13-15;
Vertebrae
: 42 - 45.
Hoplias microlepis
is distinguished from all congeners, except species of
H. malabaricus
group, by the the shape of the dentaries abruptly converging towards the mandibular symphysis (vs. dentaries parallel and only gently converging towards the mandibular symphysis) and by having tooth plates on tongue (vs. absence of tooth plates on tongue).
H. microlepis
can be separated from
H. brasiliensis
and
H. curupira
by having 43-47 scales on lateral line (vs. 38-43 and 34-39, respectively), and from
H. australis
and
H. lacerdae
by having 4 pores of the laterosensory system along the ventral surface of dentary (vs. always 5 and 6-8 respectively). It differs from
H. aimara
by having accessory ectopterygoid and by lacking vertically elongate dark spot on the opercular membrane (vs. absence of accessory ectopterygoid and presence of dark spot). It can be diagnosed from the other members of the
H. malabaricus
species group by having more circumpeduncular scales (22-24, usually 24 vs. 18-20, usually 20) (Ref.
96873
).
Inhabits rivers (Ref.
96873
). Collected in creeks and swamps in areas of little or no current on sand and mud bottoms. Lives between 20 and 40 m elevation. Piscivorous (Ref.
36880
). Reported to reach 50.0 cm TL (Ref.
9585
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Mattox, G.M.T., A.G. Bifi and O.T. Oyakawa
, 2014. Taxonomic study of
Hoplias microlepis
(Günther, 1864), a trans-Andean species of trahiras (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Erythrinidae). Neotrop. Ichthyol. 12(2):343-352. (Ref.
96873
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
01 April 2019
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00306 - 0.01496), b=3.12 (2.93 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Unknown
.
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- 20 July 2016
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