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Overview |
Main identification features
Body ovate, elongate (depth 40% of length), compressed; snout blunt, rounded, longer than eye; mouth small, not reaching to under eye; dorsal and anal fins with long bases, their front lobes only slightly raised; dorsal with VII-VIII weak spines, 40-43 rays, with rearmost rays longest; anal III + 38; pectoral longer than head; pelvic fins under thorax in juvenile, absent in adult; tail deeply forked.
Silvery grey-brown, paler below, upper half of body and tail base with numerous pupil-sized round dark spots; dorsal grey, with black margin (wider anteriorly); tail and pectoral dark grey, anal pale grey.
Size: to 30 cm.
Habitat: pelagic, coastal.
Depth: 0-100 m?.
Ecuador to central Chile.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 100 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: pelagic jellyfish/ctenophores; zooplankton; Pelagic crustacea; pelagic fish larvae.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=-2; Southern limit=-9; Western limit=-82; Eastern limit=-79; Latitudinal range=7; Longitudinal range=3.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore; Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Bentho-Pelagic.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Water column; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove).
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 30 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent only; Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Peruvian province, primarily; All species.
Residency: Vagrant.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Mid Water; Near Bottom; Bottom; Bottom + water column;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Abbott, J.F., 1899., The marine fishes of Peru., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 51:324-364.
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Cuvier, G., 1829., Le Règne Animal, distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée. Edition 2., Règne Animal (ed. 2), 2:1-532.
- Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
- Horn, M.H., 1973., Systematic Comparison of the Stromateid Fishes Stromateus Brasiliensis Fowler and Stromateus stellatus Cuvier from Coastal South America with a Review of the Genus., Bulletin of British Museum of Natural History, Zoology., :319-339.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stromateus&speciesname=stellatus ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stromateus&speciesname=stellatus http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stromateus&speciesname=stellatus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stromateus&speciesname=stellatus https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Stromateus&speciesname=stellatus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Stromateus-stellatus.html
Stromateus stellatus, Starry butterfish
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Stromateus stellatus
Picture by
Carvalho Filho, A.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Scombriformes
(Mackerels) >
Stromateidae
(Butterfishes)
Etymology:
Stromateus:
Greek, stromatos = a fish flattened body with a lot of colours (Stromateus sp.) (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Cuvier
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 0 - 200 m (Ref.
72797
). Subtropical; 12°S - 47°S
Southeast Pacific: Peru and Chile.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.1 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
27363
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 47-50;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 41 - 44;
Vertebrae
: 42 - 43. Body blue green dorsally and silvery white ventrally. Margin of fins darker. Small dark blue spots on dorsal side of body (Ref.
27363
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Chirichigno, N.
, 1980. Clave para identificar los peces marinos del Peru. IMARPE Informe (44). Instituto del Mar del Peru, Callao, Peru. (Ref.
12
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
02 May 2008
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00812 - 0.02953), b=2.95 (2.78 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 78.2 [37.9, 185.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.942 [0.441, 1.986] mg/100g; Protein = 15.6 [13.4, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.344 [0.184, 0.638] g/100g; Selenium = 38.9 [17.4, 89.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.6 [2.6, 43.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.74 [0.46, 1.19] mg/100g (wet weight);
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Updated: 2024-05-23 06:22:24 gmt
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