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Anotopterus pharao, Daggertooth
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Anotopterus pharao
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Aulopiformes
(Grinners) >
Anotopteridae
(Daggertooth)
Etymology:
Anotopterus:
Greek, a = without + Greek, noton = back + Greek, pteron = fin (Ref.
45335
)
;
pharao:
pharao
because of its resemblance to Egyptian kings (Ref.
6885
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; bathypelagic; depth range 0 - 5100 m (Ref.
58018
). Deep-water; 66°N - 27°S, 69°W - 1°W (Ref.
31260
)
North Atlantic: from Canada (Ref.
5951
), Greenland and Davis Strait, to Madeira I. and Canary Is. (Ref.
31260
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 96.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
31260
)
Anal
soft rays
: 12 - 15;
Vertebrae
: 77 - 81. In adults, head depth 23.2-26.8% of lower jaw length. Postorbital area 5.5-7.6% SL or 28.8-33.3% (less than 3 times smaller than HL). Rear edge of gill cover overlaps with the middle of the 4th vertebrae. Postadipose distance 6-7.4% SL (Ref.
31260
).
Epimesopelagic species. Juveniles and fry observed exclusively within the central-circle current and its periphery; large adults caught mainly in boreal and sub-arctic waters. Feeds mainly on small and moderate-sized mesopelagic fishes; the largest
Paralepis coregonoides
and
Arctozenus risso
, had body length of 28-30 cm; a specimen caught from the southern region of Reykjanes Ridge had 12 individuals of
Sebastes mentella
ranging from 4.5-5 cm. Stomachs of those caught in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge have small squids (Ref.
31260
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Kukuev, E.I.
, 1998. Systematics and distribution in the world ocean of daggertooth fishes of the genus
Anotopterus
(Anotopteridae, Aulopiformes). J. Ichthyol. 38(9):716-729. (Ref.
31260
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
02 July 2014
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 3.2 - 8.4, mean 3.9 °C (based on 759 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.3 ±0.76 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming tmax>10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
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- 20 July 2016
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