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Overview | |
Main identification features
Dorsal rays 12-15 (usually 13-14); anal rays 11-13 pectoral rays usually 11; gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 25-32; lower jaw greatly prolonged ; no teeth; pectoral fins relatively long, reaching beyond nasal opening when folded forward; tail fin deeply forked; scales absent on snout; no ridge before eye.
Bluish on back, silvery on side of head and body, and white ventrally; lower jaw blackish with red or orange tip.
Size: grows to 55 cm.
Habitat: surface inshore waters.
Depth: 0-5 m?.
Southern Baja to the Gulf of California to Peru and the Galapagos, the Revillagigedos and Malpelo.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 5 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: zooplankton; bony fishes.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=29; Southern limit=-7; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=36; Longitudinal range=37.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Pelagic.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Water column.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 55 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Marine.
Water Column Position: Surface; Water column only;
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Names | |
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Links to other sites | |
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References |
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Castro-Aguirre, J.L. and Balart, E.F., 2002., La ictiofauna de las islas Revillagigedos y sus relaciones zoogeograficas, con comentarios acerca de su origen y evolucion. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:153-170.
- De la Cruz , J. , Galvan , F. , Abitia , L. A. , Rodriguez , J. and Gutierrez, F. J., 1994., Lista sistematica de los peces marinos de Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Systematic List of marine fishes from Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico)., Ciencias Marinas, 20:17-31.
- Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
- Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
- Franke , R. and Acero P., A., 1996., Peces óseos comerciales del Parque Gorgona, Pacífico colombiano (Osteichthyes: Muraenesocidae, Hemiramphidae, Belonidae, Scorpaenidae, Triglidae, Malacanthidae, Gerridae, Sparidae, Kyphosidae, Sphyraenidae e Istiophoridae)., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:763-770.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., Pérez-España, H., Chávez-Ramos, H., 1996., Systematics list of the fishes from Cerralvo island, Baja California Sur, Mexico., Ciencias Marinas, 22:295-311.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
- Gilbert , C.H. and Starks, E.C., 1904., The fishes of Panama Bay., Mem. Calif. Acad.Sci., 4:1-304.
- Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Kendall , W.C. and Radcliffe, L., 1912., The shore fishes. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, ... by the U.S. Fish Commission steamer ALBATROSS, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L.M. Garret, U.S.N., Commanding. XXV., Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 35(3):75-171.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Ricker, K.E., 1959., Mexican shore and pelagic fishes collected from Acapulco to Cape San Lucas during the 1957 cruise of the "Marijean"., Univ. Brit. Columbia Inst. Fish., Mus. Contrib., 3:18pp.
- Snodgrass , R. E. and Heller, E., 1905., Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XVII. Shorefishes of the Revillagigedo, Clipperton, Cocos and Galapagos Island., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 6:333-427.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
- Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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Following modified from FishBase
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Hemiramphus&speciesname=saltator ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Hemiramphus&speciesname=saltator
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Hemiramphus&speciesname=saltator ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Hemiramphus&speciesname=saltator
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Hemiramphus&speciesname=saltator ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Hemiramphus-saltator.html
Hemiramphus saltator, Longfin halfbeak : fisheries, bait
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Hemiramphus saltator
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Beloniformes
(Needle fishes) >
Hemiramphidae
(Halfbeaks)
Etymology:
Hemiramphus:
Greek, hemi = half + Greek, rhamphos = bill, peak (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on authors:
Gilbert
&
Starks
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref.
51243
); depth range 0 - ? m. Subtropical
Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Panama, including the Galapagos Islands; rare in northern Baja California, Mexico. Range extends to Ecuador (Ref.
36576
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
?
range ? - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
2850
); common length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9306
); max. published weight: 223.25 g (Ref.
124487
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 12-15;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 11 - 13;
Vertebrae
: 54 - 58. Body elongate; lower jaw very prolonged; upper jaw short, triangular, and without scales; lower branch of first gill arch with 26 to 32 gill rakers; fins lacking spines; pectoral fins long; caudal fin deeply forked, the lower lobe longer than the upper; anal fin with 10 to 13 rays; back dark blue; flanks and belly silvery white; edge of lower jaw red; upper lobe of caudal fin violet blue, its tip red (Ref.
55763
). Branchiostegal rays: 13-15 (Ref.
36576
).
An oceanic species which occurs near surface. Adults form very big schools (Ref.
9306
). Feed on small fishes and planktonic organisms (Ref.
9306
). Oviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref.
36576
). Eggs are attached to floating objects via filaments (Ref.
36576
). Found in markets of Panama (Ref.
9306
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Oviparous (Ref.
36576
).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann
, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref.
2850
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
21 May 2007
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; bait: occasionally
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 15.2 - 26.4, mean 19.7 °C (based on 68 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00398 (0.00220 - 0.00719), b=2.97 (2.82 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.0 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Medium
.
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- 20 July 2016
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|
Updated: 2024-05-23 02:31:59 gmt
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