Click on map for details about points. IDnature guides Checklist Australia Vertebrata Fish Links We parsed the following live from the Web into this page. Such content is managed by its original site and not cached on Discover Life. Please send feedback and corrections directly to the source. See original regarding copyrights and terms of use. Australian Faunal Directory FishBase Names Scientific source: Integrated Taxonomic Information System Supported by National Biological Information Infrastructure National Science Foundation go to Discover Life's Facebook group Following modified from Australian Faunal Directory    Top | See original &pull 20q v5.145 20180528: Error 301 Moved Permanently http://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/5fa2da3f-2ba4-462e-821a-21a84b3bd264 Following modified from FishBase    Top | See original http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Merluccius&speciesname=australis ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Merluccius&speciesname=australis http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Merluccius&speciesname=australis ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Merluccius&speciesname=australis https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Merluccius&speciesname=australis ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Merluccius-australis.html This page is sponsored by Mundus Maris Common name (e.g. trout) contains begins with begins with ends with is Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua) About this page More Info Plus d'info Mais info Languages Arabic Bahasa/Malay Bangla Chinese(Si) Chinese(Tr) Deutsch English Español Farsi Français Greek Hindi Italiano Japanese Lao Nederlands Português(Br) Português(Pt) Russian Swedish Thai Vietnamese User feedbacks Comments &   Corrections Fish Forum Guest Book Facebook Citation Uploads Attach website Upload photo Upload video Upload   references Fish Watcher Related species Species in    Merluccius Species in    Merlucciidae - Classification - Merlucciidae Gadiformes Teleostei Chordata Animalia Merluccius australis ( Hutton , 1872 ) Southern hake Add your observation in Fish Watcher Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. Merluccius australis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS Upload your photos  and  videos Pictures | Google image Merluccius australis Picture by SeaFIC Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa Teleostei (teleosts) > Gadiformes (Cods) > Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes) Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335 ) . Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology Marine; benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243 ); depth range 28 - 1000 m (Ref. 58489 ). Subtropical; 33°S - 59°S, 165°E - 66°W (Ref. 58452 ) Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri Circumglobal in the southern hemisphere (Ref. 7300 ). Two distinct groups. New Zealand population: Chatham Rise, Campbell Plateau and South Island northward to the East Cape. Patagonian population: Chiloé Island in the Pacific, southward around the southern tip of South America to the continental shelf to 59°S, and the slope north to 38°S in the Atlantic. Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age Maturity: L m 74.7 , range 75 - 85 cm Max length : 155 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 58452 ); common length : 80.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1371 ); max. reported age: 30 years (Ref. 9072 ) Short description Morphology | Morphometrics Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 48-57; Anal spines : 0; Anal soft rays : 40 - 46; Vertebrae : 53 - 58. Body more slender than other hakes. Pectoral fins long and slender, stripe reaching anal fin in young individuals but not in fish over 50 cm in SL. Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Color is steel gray on back grading to silvery white ventrally. Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic) Found at depths between 415 and 1000 m in New Zealand waters, and 62 to 800 m in South American waters. The Patagonian population feeds on southern blue whiting, whiptail, nototheniids and squids. The New Zealand population feeds mainly on fishes (especially gadoids), squids, euphausiids and benthic organisms. Adults probably migrate southward during the southern summer for feeding and return to the north in winter for spawning (Ref. 1371 ). Spawning takes place from August to September on the western coast of South Island, from September to November in the northern part of the Campbell Plateau, and between November and January on Chatham Rise (Ref. 58452 ). Utilized as food fish and fishmeal. Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba , 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371 ) IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )     Not Evaluated   CITES Not Evaluated CMS (Ref. 116361 ) Not Evaluated Threat to humans   Harmless Human uses Fisheries: highly commercial FAO - Fisheries: landings , species profile ; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us More information Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Stocks Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Spawning aggregation Fecundity Eggs Egg development Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment Abundance BRUVS References Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Electrophoreses Heritability Diseases Processing Nutrients Mass conversion Collaborators Pictures Stamps, Coins Misc. Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision Tools E-book | Field guide | Identification keys | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Classification Tree | Catch-MSY | Special reports Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets Download XML Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos Internet sources AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings , species profile ; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record Estimates based on models Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 6.2 - 13.3, mean 8.6 °C (based on 112 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00398 (0.00334 - 0.00475), b=3.10 (3.05 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  4.3   ±0.74 se; based on food items. Generation time: 5.7 (4.2 - 10.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 15 growth studies. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.07-0.19; tm=6-10; tmax=30). Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.43, Based on 4 stock assessments. Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  High vulnerability (56 of 100). Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649 ):  High vulnerability (61 of 100). Price category (Ref. 80766 ):   Medium . Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 14.6 [5.9, 47.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.536 [0.198, 1.332] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.7, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.148 [0.083, 0.263] g/100g; Selenium = 84.2 [34.5, 207.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.5 [3.1, 40.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.314 [0.198, 0.493] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. 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