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Pronotogrammus multifasciatus Gill, 1863
THREADFIN BASS
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Serranidae   Pronotogrammus

Pronotogrammus multifasciatus
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Pronotogrammus multifasciatus

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Pronotogrammus multifasciatus
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Pronotogrammus multifasciatus
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • pink; body: ~20 yellow bars
  • c: forked, angular tips
  • pectoral not reaching a
  • pelvic - very long ray
Body elongate, compressed; 37-42 rakers on first gill arch; dorsal fin X-XI + 14-15, no elongate spines; anal III,7-8; pectoral 18-20 rays, not reaching to origin of anal fin; pelvics - 2nd ray very long, reaching past anal spines; tail forked, with angular tips; 45-56 scales on lateral line; 2-3 scale rows between lateral line and 5th dorsal spine; head and jaws completely scaly; oval patch of granular teeth on tongue.

Head and body red-pink; upper body with yellow mottling and ~20 thin irregular yellow bars; yellow stripe under eye to tip of top jaw, short yellow stripes behind eye; membranes of tail and fins yellow.

Size: 26 cm.

Habitat: demersal, probably on sand and shell bottoms.

Depth: 40-300 m.

From California to the mouth of the Gulf of California to northern Peru, and the Revillagigedos, Galapagos, Malpelo and Cocos.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 300 m.
Depth Range Min: 40 m.
Diet: zooplankton; pelagic fish larvae.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=35; Southern limit=-5; Western limit=-120; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=40; Longitudinal range=42.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore; Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only; Sand & gravel.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 26 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Near Bottom; Bottom + water column;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Castro-Aguirre, J.L. and Balart, E.F., 2002., La ictiofauna de las islas Revillagigedos y sus relaciones zoogeograficas, con comentarios acerca de su origen y evolucion. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:153-170.
  • Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
  • Fitch, J.E., 1982., Revision of the eastern north Pacific Anthiin basses (Pisces: Serranidae)., Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., (339):1-8.
  • García-Rodríguez , F. J. and Aurioles-Gamboa, D., 1997., Contribución al conocimiento de la diversidad íctica en la Bahía de La Paz por … lobo marino de California, Zalophus californianus californianus. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:151-162.
  • Gill, T.N., 1863., Catalogue of the fishes of Lower California, in the Smithsonian Institution, collected by Mr. J. Xantus. Part 4., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 15:80-88.
  • Hildebrand , S.F. and Barton, O., 1949., A collection of fishes from Talara, Perú., Smithsonian Miscellaneus Collections, 111:1-36.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1896., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part I., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1-1240.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Gilbert, C.H., 1883., Catalogue of the fishes collected by Mr. John Xantus at Cape San Lucas, which are now in the United States National Museum, with descriptions of eight new species., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 5(1882):353-371.
  • Jordan , and McGregor,., 1898., List of fishes collected at the Revillagigedo archipelago and neighboring islands., Rept. U.S. Fisheries Comm., 24:271-284.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • McCosker , J.E. , Merlen , G. , Long , D.J. , Gilmore , R.G. and Villon, C., 1997., Deepslope fishes collected during the 1995 eruption of isla Fernandina, Galapagos., Charles Darwin Foundation, Noticias de Galápagos., 58:22-26.
  • Snodgrass , R. E. and Heller, E., 1905., Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XVII. Shorefishes of the Revillagigedo, Clipperton, Cocos and Galapagos Island., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 6:333-427.
  • Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
  • Wade, C.B., 1946., New fishes in the collections of the Allan Hancock Foundation., Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 9(8):215-235.
  • Walker, B. W. and Baldwin, W. J., 1964., Provisional check list of fishes of the Revillagigedo islands., 18 pp.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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Pronotogrammus multifasciatus, Threadfin bass
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Pronotogrammus multifasciatus Gill , 1863

Threadfin bass Add your observation in Fish Watcher
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Pronotogrammus multifasciatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pictures | Google image Image of Pronotogrammus multifasciatus (Threadfin bass) Pronotogrammus multifasciatus
Picture by Robertson, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Anthiadidae (Fairy basslets or Streamer basses)
Etymology: Pronotogrammus: Greek, pro = first, in front of + Greek, noton = back + Greek, gramma = signal, letter (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on author: Gill .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 40 - 200 m (Ref. 9342 ). Subtropical; 34°N - 9°S, 119°W - 78°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Los Angeles County in southern California, USA to northern Peru.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 86316 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits rough bottom, deep reefs. Feeds on small planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 2850 ).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott , 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 01 May 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 13.7 - 20.4, mean 15.4 °C (based on 36 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.6250   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.1   ±0.30 se; based on food items. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low vulnerability (19 of 100).

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