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Overview |
Main identification features
- dark saddles and hour-glass bars
- d: ii + i + x-xi
- tip lower jaw projects, fleshy
Tip of lower jaw fleshy, pointed, and strongly protruding; isolated dorsal finlet on nape composed of 2 spines, followed by 1 isolated spine then main fin; dorsal rays II + I + X-XI, 27-31; segmented anal rays 34-38 (usually 35-36); pectoral rays 12-13; total lateral-line scales 51-55; scales in straight (posterior) part of lateral line 27-29; lateral line deflected ventrally below dorsal fin elements 14-17; principal segmented caudal rays 10.
Overall whitish with series of brown saddles and bars across back and on upper side; about 7 dark saddles on back alternating with hour-glass-shaped bars that extend to middle of side.
Size: grows to 5.5 cm.
Habitat: sandy bottoms.
Depth: 10-40 m.
Southern Baja California, and central Mexico to western Panama.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 40 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; bony fishes; mobile benthic worms; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs).
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=24; Southern limit=8; Western limit=-111; Eastern limit=-81; Latitudinal range=16; Longitudinal range=30.
Egg Type: Benthic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Sand & gravel; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 5.5 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; 3 provinces (Cortez + Mexican + Panamic) endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Dawson, C.E., 1977., Studies on eastern Pacific sand stargazers (Pisces: Dactyloscopidae). 4. Gillellus, Sindoscopus new genus, and Heteristius with description of new species., Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 41(2):125-160.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Gilbert, C.H., 1890., A preliminary report on the fishes collected by the steamer "Albatross" on the Pacific coast of North America during the year 1889, with descriptions of twelve new genera and ninety-two new species., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 13:49-126.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Osburn , R. C. and Nichols, J. T., 1916., Shore Fishes Collected by the 'Albatross' Expedition in Lower California with Descriptions of New Species., Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35:139-181.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
- Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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Following modified from FishBase
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gillellus&speciesname=arenicola ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gillellus&speciesname=arenicola http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gillellus&speciesname=arenicola ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gillellus&speciesname=arenicola https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Gillellus&speciesname=arenicola ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Gillellus-arenicola.html
Gillellus arenicola, Sandy stargazer
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Gillellus arenicola
Picture by
Allen, G.R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Blenniiformes
(Blennies) >
Dactyloscopidae
(Sand stargazers)
Etymology:
Gillellus:
Theodore Nicolas Gill (1837-1914) researcher of abyssal fishes and systematics (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Gilbert
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 8 - 137 m (Ref.
11482
). Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: southern tip of Baja California to Panama.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
11482
)
Found on sandy bottoms. Feeds on small fishes and invertebrates.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
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Reproduction
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Spawning
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Eggs
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Fecundity
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Larvae
Allen, G.R. and D.R. Robertson
, 1994. Fishes of the tropical eastern Pacific. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 332 p. (Ref.
11482
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
25 May 2007
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 17.2 - 27.4, mean 23.4 °C (based on 28 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.0 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Updated: 2024-06-03 23:36:27 gmt
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