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Overview |
Main identification features
- cream stripe - snout through eye
- body: clusters dots form irregular bars
Dorsal rays XIX to XXI, 8-10; anal rays II, 6-19; total (right and left) pectoral rays 27-30 (usually 28); lateral-line scales 38-42; a short, unbranched cirrus on each nostril, above eye, and on each side of nape; teeth of jaws conical, curved, and pointed; roof of mouth with teeth only at front; first anal spine of males separate from anal fin and modified as intromittent organ; tip of male genital papilla extending beyond fleshy tip of second anal spine.
Head reddish to yellowish; body whitish with numerous clusters of brown spots forming irregular bars; a narrow cream stripe from snout through top of eye, another through lower eye; fins uncolored, except base of dorsal fin with a row of dark spots
Size: grows to 6.5 cm.
The most common member of the genus in the Gulf where is occurs in shallow sand-weed areas.
Depth: 1-20 m.
Gulf of California to southern Mexico.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos).
Depth Range Max: 20 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); mobile benthic worms.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=31; Southern limit=16; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-96; Latitudinal range=15; Longitudinal range=19.
Egg Type: Live birth; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 6.5 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; Cortez + Mexican provinces endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Al-Uthman,., 1960., Revision of the Pacific forms of the tribe Starksiidi., Tex. J. Sci., 12:163-175.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., Pérez-España, H., Chávez-Ramos, H., 1996., Systematics list of the fishes from Cerralvo island, Baja California Sur, Mexico., Ciencias Marinas, 22:295-311.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Rosenblatt , R.H. and Taylor, L.R., 1971., The Pacific species of the clinid fish tribe Starksiini., Pac. Sci., 25:436-463.
- Stepien , C.A. , Dixon , M.T. and Hillis, D.M., 1993., Evolutionary relationships of the blennioid fish families Clinidae, Labrisomidae and Chaenopsidae: Congruence Between DNA Sequence and Allozyme Data., Bull. Mar. Sci., 52:496-515.
- Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
- Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Starksia&speciesname=spinipenis ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Starksia&speciesname=spinipenis http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Starksia&speciesname=spinipenis ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Starksia&speciesname=spinipenis https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Starksia&speciesname=spinipenis ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Starksia-spinipenis.html
Starksia spinipenis, Phallic blenny
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Starksia spinipenis
Picture by
Robertson, R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Blenniiformes
(Blennies) >
Labrisomidae
(Labrisomids)
Etymology:
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal. Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California to Acapulco, Mexico.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
11482
)
Inhabits shallow sand-weed areas. Feeds on invertebrates.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
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Reproduction
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Spawning
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Eggs
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Fecundity
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Larvae
Allen, G.R. and D.R. Robertson
, 1994. Fishes of the tropical eastern Pacific. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 332 p. (Ref.
11482
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
25 May 2007
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 22.3 - 28.9, mean 25.1 °C (based on 167 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00483 - 0.01888), b=3.10 (2.93 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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- 20 July 2016
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Updated: 2024-06-04 21:07:58 gmt
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