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Limanda aspera, Yellowfin sole : fisheries, gamefish
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Limanda aspera
Picture by
Archipelago Marine Research Ltd.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Pleuronectiformes
(Flatfishes) >
Pleuronectidae
(Righteye flounders) > Pleuronectinae
Etymology: More on author:
Pallas
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 700 m (Ref.
50593
), usually ? - 91 m (Ref.
2850
). Temperate; 67°N - 35°N, 130°E - 125°W (Ref.
54599
)
North Pacific: Korea and the Sea of Japan to the Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea, and Barkley Sound, Canada. Reported from the Alaskan Beaufort Sea (Ref.
28503
).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
27.3
, range 21 - 32 cm
Max length : 49.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
56370
); common length : 33.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
4883
); max. published weight: 1.7 kg (Ref.
56527
); max. reported age: 34 years (Ref.
55701
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 61-69;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 48 - 58;
Vertebrae
: 39 - 40. Dorsal origin above posterior part of eye. Caudal rounded at edges. Pectorals bluntly pointed.
Adults feed on hydroids, worms, mollusks, and brittle stars (Ref.
6885
). Marketed frozen and eaten fried, microwaved and baked (Ref.
9988
).
Each individual spawns from 8 to 11 batches (Ref.
39301
). Spawning occurs primarily in shallow water but for large females spawning may take place in waters to a depth of around 50 m (Ref.
119537
). Undergoes spawning and feeding migration (Ref.
119537
).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe
, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref.
122998
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
05 November 2020
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 0.2 - 6.1, mean 3.4 °C (based on 33 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00722 - 0.00958), b=3.08 (3.04 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.8 (6.8 - 11.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 12
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.1-0.15; tm=4-10; tmax=34; Fec=1 million).
Prior r = 0.33, 95% CL = 0.22 - 0.50, Based on 5 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649
): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Medium
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 12.4 [5.7, 51.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.246 [0.127, 0.464] mg/100g; Protein = 15.7 [13.4, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.36 [0.18, 0.74] g/100g; Selenium = 13.5 [4.6, 46.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.24 [1.88, 45.54] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.298 [0.160, 0.721] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
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- 20 July 2016
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