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Hippocampus bargibanti, Pygmy seahorse
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Hippocampus bargibanti
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Syngnathiformes
(Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae
(Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology:
Hippocampus:
Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Whitley
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; non-migratory; depth range 0 - 40 m (Ref.
30915
). Tropical; 3°N - 23°S
Indo-West Pacific: Indonesia and eastward to Vanuatu; north to Japan; south to Australia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
1.3
range ? - ? cm
Max length : 2.4 cm OT male/unsexed; (Ref.
31803
)
Short description
Morphology
|
Morphometrics
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 13-15. Description based on 4 specimens: Adult height, less than 2.0 cm. Rings, 11-12 + 31-34. Snout length is greater than 4.0 in head length. Dorsal fin rays, 13-15 covering 1+1 rings. Pectoral fin rays, 10. Coronet, a rounded knob. Spine, as irregular bulbous tubercles scattered over body and tail; a single prominent rounded eye spine; a single low rounded cheek spine. Other distinctive characters: head and body very fleshy, mostly without recognizable body rings; ventral portion of trunk segments incomplete; snout extremely short. Color pattern: two color morphs are known: (a) pale grey or purple with pink or red tubercles (found on gorgonian coral
Muricella plectana
) and (b) yellow with orange tubercles (found on gorgonian coral
Muricella paraplectana
).
Only known to occur on gorgonian corals of the genus
Muricella
, with up to 28 pairs on a single gorgonian. The tubercles and truncated snout of this species match the color and shape of the polyps of the host gorgonian, while its body matches the gorgonian stem. So extreme is this camouflage that the original specimens were only noticed after their host gorgonian had been collected and observed in an aquarium. Post-pelagic young settle on various hosts, but to breed, they appear to prefer the red polyp
Muricella
spp. That usually grow in depths over 20 m (Ref.
48635
). Ovoviviparous (Ref.
205
). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref.
205
). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128812.
Possibly monogamous in the wild (Ref.
30915
). Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref.
205
).
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster
, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses
Hippocampus
Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref.
115213
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Data deficient (DD)
; Date assessed:
22 August 2016
CITES
Appendix II:
International trade monitored
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 25.9 - 29, mean 27.7 °C (based on 134 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Fec=34).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 294 [140, 691] mg/100g; Iron = 1.19 [0.60, 2.32] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.9, 18.7] %; Omega3 = 0.152 [0.070, 0.328] g/100g; Selenium = 23.8 [8.4, 66.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 262 [68, 983] μg/100g; Zinc = 3.31 [1.96, 5.17] mg/100g (wet weight);
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