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Inhabits seaward (Ref.
9710
), rocky reefs and rubble areas, especially where algal growth is extensive (Ref.
47838
). Solitary or in small groups (Ref.
47838
). Has been reared in captivity (Ref.
35414
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Bi-directional sex change has been confirmed for this species (Ref.
103751
).
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 25 - 29.3, mean 28.7 °C (based on 1145 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03090 (0.01359 - 0.07026), b=2.89 (2.70 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 2.8 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 109 [54, 170] mg/100g; Iron = 0.727 [0.443, 1.204] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [17.0, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.117 [0.070, 0.191] g/100g; Selenium = 22.5 [12.4, 42.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 105 [30, 357] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.77 [1.21, 2.56] mg/100g (wet weight);
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- 20 July 2016
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