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Overview |
Main identification features
- elongate;long conical snout;long mouth, large teeth
- dorsal and anal finsat rear
- tail base in upcurved fleshy crest
- heavy polygonal diagonally interlocking scales
- tail fin = large fan
Elongate, moderately slender and robust; long conical, relatively broad snout; nostrils at front of snout; operculum nearly as deep as long, angular behind and convex below; large teeth on both jaws, in two rows on top jaw and one on bottom, outer edges of top and bottom jaws with a row of needlelike teeth; bones on side of roof of mouth of adult with large fangs; gill rakers large and flattened, with top edge convoluted, 57-62 on first gill arch; pectoral low on flank; pelvics at about middle of body; dorsal (1) and anal fin at rear just before tail; fins without spines; vertebral column continues upwards in a fleshy ridge at base of tail fin; tail a fan with its top edge covered by bony scales; scales large and rhomboidal, attached diagonally to each other by peg-and-socket; 51-56 lateral line scales, 43-48 scales before dorsal fin; anus bordered by three modified scales.
Dark brown or pale brown with numerous dark brown blotches above; a dark stripe along flank; somtimes a dark spot on upper base of tail; Juvenile: dark above, light below, with a dark stripe along flank; a lower stripe on belly from operculum to anal fin then to tail fin; belly spotted between stripes.
Reaches 125cm
Depth: 0-10m
Found in Caribbean and Pacific rivers, and in the Pacific enters estuaries.
From southern Mexico to Nicaragua on the Pacific coast.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 10 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: bony fishes; sea snakes/mammals/turtles/birds; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs).
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=17; Southern limit=12; Western limit=-99; Eastern limit=-87; Latitudinal range=5; Longitudinal range=12.
Egg Type: Benthic; No pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Pelagic.
Global Endemism: New world (East Pacific + West Atlantic); Transisthmian (East Pacific + Atlantic of Central America); TEP non-endemic; All species.
Habitat: Estuary; Freshwater.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 125 cm.
Regional Endemism: Eastern Pacific non-endemic; Continent only; Continent; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Freshwater; Non Marine.
Water Column Position: Surface; Near Surface; Mid Water; Water column only;
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Names | |
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Links to other sites | |
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References |
- Gill, T.N., 1863., Descriptive enumeration of a collection of fishes from the western coast of Central America, presented to the Smithsonian Institution by Captain John M. Dow., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 15:162-174.
- Suttkus, R. D., 1963., Order Lepisostei. Pp. 61-88. In: Fishes of the Western North Atlantic., Sears Foundation for Marine Research:61-88.
- Wiley, E.O., 1976., The phylogeny and biogeography of fossil and recent gars (Actinopterygii: Lepisosteidae). Ed. Richard F. Johnston., The University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History:1-111.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Atractosteus&speciesname=tropicus ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Atractosteus&speciesname=tropicus
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Atractosteus&speciesname=tropicus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Atractosteus&speciesname=tropicus
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Atractosteus&speciesname=tropicus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Atractosteus-tropicus.html
Atractosteus tropicus, Tropical gar
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Holostei (gars and bowfins) >
Lepisosteiformes
(Gars) >
Lepisosteidae
(Gars)
Etymology:
Atractosteus:
Greek, atraktos, arrow + Greek, osteon = bone (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Gill
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; demersal. Tropical
Central America: Caribbean and Pacific drainages of southern Mexico and Central America.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
45.5
, range 50 - 60 cm
Max length : 125 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
36722
); max. published weight: 2.9 kg (Ref.
40637
)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref.
126274
); Inhabit backwaters and slow moving sections of rivers and lakes. Often found in the warm stagnant waters of the lowland. Visible on the surface and resemble floating logs. Enter shallow lakes at the beginning of the dry season to spawn and known to reproduce also in June and July when rains are heaviest and rivers flood their banks providing an ideal spawning habitat of flooded vegetation. Large schools form to cast thousands of eggs in a gelatinous mass in the shallow waters. The adults return again to the river leaving the fry amongst the flooded vegetation (Ref.
36880
). The eggs are poisonous to eat (Ref.
4537
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Ferraris, C.J. Jr.
, 2003. Lepisosteidae (Gars). p. 29. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref.
36722
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
21 March 2018
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Poisonous to eat (Ref.
4537
)
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.6406 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00121 - 0.00751), b=3.18 (2.96 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
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- 20 July 2016
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|
Updated: 2024-05-23 08:16:45 gmt
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