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FishBase Names Scientific source: Integrated Taxonomic Information System Supported by National Biological Information Infrastructure National Science Foundation go to Discover Life's Facebook group Following modified from FishBase    Top | See original http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Leucoraja&speciesname=fullonica ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Leucoraja&speciesname=fullonica http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Leucoraja&speciesname=fullonica ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Leucoraja&speciesname=fullonica https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Leucoraja&speciesname=fullonica ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Leucoraja-fullonica.html You can sponsor this page Common name (e.g. trout) contains begins with begins with ends with is Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua) About this page More Info Plus d'info Mais info Languages Arabic Bahasa/Malay Bangla Chinese(Si) Chinese(Tr) Deutsch English Español Farsi Français Greek Hindi Italiano Japanese Lao Nederlands Português(Br) Português(Pt) Russian Swedish Thai Vietnamese User feedbacks Comments &   Corrections Fish Forum Guest Book Facebook Citation Uploads Attach website Upload photo Upload video Upload   references Fish Watcher Related species Species in    Leucoraja Species in    Rajidae - Classification - Rajidae Rajiformes Elasmobranchii Chordata Animalia Leucoraja fullonica ( Linnaeus , 1758 ) Shagreen ray Add your observation in Fish Watcher Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. Leucoraja fullonica   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS Upload your photos  and  videos Pictures | Google image Leucoraja fullonica Male picture by Cambraia Duarte, P.M.N. (c)ImagDOP Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Rajiformes (Skates and rays) > Rajidae (Skates) Etymology: Leucoraja: Greek, leykos = white + Latin, raja = a fish, Raja sp. (Ref. 45335 ) . More on author: Linnaeus . Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology Marine; bathydemersal; depth range 30 - 600 m (Ref. 106604 ). Deep-water; 72°N - 27°N, 24°W - 34°E Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri Eastern Atlantic: Murmansk in Russia, Norway, southern Iceland, the Faroes, northern North Sea and Skagerrak to northern Morocco, including western Mediterranean and the Madeira Islands. Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age Maturity: L m   ? , range 75 - ? cm Max length : 120 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 106604 ); 111.0 cm TL (female) Short description Morphology | Morphometrics Dorsal spines (total): 0; Anal spines : 0; Anal soft rays : 0. Snout pronounced, rather pointed; disc rhomboid, with angled outer corners upper surface entirely spinulose, underside prickly on large areas; about 8 thorns usually in a complete row around inner margin of eye, small thorns on scapular, generally a row of about 50 thorns on each side of midline from shoulder to first dorsal fin; upper surface plain ashy-grey, underside white (Ref. 3167 ). Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic) Found in relatively cold coastal waters and on upper parts of continental slopes (Ref. 3167 ). Most common at depths of around 200 m, but deeper in southern areas (Ref. 3167 ). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals, probably preferring fish (Ref. 3167 ). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205 ). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205 ). Egg capsules are 7.5-9.9 cm long and 4.5-4.7 cm wide (Ref. 41250 ). Maximum length for female is 111 cm (Ref. 41333 ). Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449 ). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205 ). Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : McEachran, John | Collaborators McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn , 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314 ) IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )   Vulnerable (VU)  (A2bd); Date assessed: 26 November 2014 CITES Not Evaluated CMS (Ref. 116361 ) Not Evaluated Threat to humans   Harmless Human uses Fisheries: minor commercial FAO - Fisheries: landings ; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us More information Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Stocks Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Spawning aggregation Fecundity Eggs Egg development Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment Abundance BRUVS References Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Electrophoreses Heritability Diseases Processing Nutrients Mass conversion Collaborators Pictures Stamps, Coins Misc. Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision Tools E-book | Field guide | Identification keys | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Classification Tree | Catch-MSY | Special reports Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets Download XML Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos Internet sources AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings ; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record Estimates based on models Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 6.8 - 14.5, mean 9.5 °C (based on 370 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00339 (0.00167 - 0.00688), b=3.25 (3.09 - 3.41), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.5   ±0.37 se; based on food items. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming tm>5). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100). Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649 ):  Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100). Price category (Ref. 80766 ):   Low . Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 3.69 [0.55, 69.61] mg/100g; Iron = 0.283 [0.028, 3.709] mg/100g; Protein = 15.3 [13.2, 17.3] %; Omega3 = 0.379 [0.153, 0.945] g/100g; Selenium = 16.4 [3.0, 77.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.67 [0.27, 48.17] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.269 [0.018, 3.165] mg/100g (wet weight); Comments & Corrections Back to Search Random Species Back to Top Accessed through: Not available FishBase mirror site : localhost Page last modified by : mrius-barile - 20 July 2016 Fatal error : Uncaught ArgumentCountError: Too few arguments to function checkEcotox(), 1 passed in /var/www/html/summary/speciessummary.php on line 2304 and exactly 3 expected in /var/www/html/includes/speciessummary.lib.php:2579 Stack trace: #0 /var/www/html/summary/speciessummary.php(2304): checkEcotox() #1 {main} thrown in /var/www/html/includes/speciessummary.lib.php on line 2579 Updated: 2024-05-23 02:58:00 gmt FishBase | Search | All Living Things | Top © Designed by The Polistes Corporation