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Achirus klunzingeri F. Steindachner, 1879
TAN SOLE
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Achiridae   Achirus

Achirus klunzingeri
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Achirus klunzingeri

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Achirus klunzingeri
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Achirus klunzingeri
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • uniform brown + faint lines
  • eye-side: scales with black hairs
  • dorsal fin has 59-63 rays anal fin 46-48
Dorsal rays 59-63; anal rays 46-48; pectoral rays 2-5; anterior part of head on blind side with short fleshy tentacles; lower lip on eyed side fringed; scales on eyed side with black hair-like filaments.

More or less uniform brown, sometimes with faint dark cross-lines.

Size: grows to about 23 cm.

Inhabits sand or mud bottoms.

Depth: 10-40 m.

Central Mexico to Ecuador.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos).
Depth Range Max: 40 m.
Depth Range Min: 10 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); mobile benthic worms; bony fishes.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=17; Southern limit=-4; Western limit=-100; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=21; Longitudinal range=22.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Estuary; Mud; Sand & gravel; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 23 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; Mexican + Panamic provinces endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Marine; Freshwater.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Castri-Aguirre, J.L., Espinoza-Pérez, H. and Schmitter-Soto, J.J., 2002., Lista sitemática, biogeográfica y ecológica de la ictiofauna estuarino lagunar y vicaria de México. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:117-142.
  • Castro-Aguirre, J.L., 1999., Ictiofauna estuarino-lagunar y vicaria de México., Editorial Limusa S.A. de C.V.: 1-629pp.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1898., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part III., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:2183-3136.
  • Kendall , W.C. and Radcliffe, L., 1912., The shore fishes. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, ... by the U.S. Fish Commission steamer ALBATROSS, from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L.M. Garret, U.S.N., Commanding. XXV., Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., 35(3):75-171.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1928., The marine fishes of Panama. Part III., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:709-1045.
  • Rubio , R. E. A. and Estupiñan, F., 1990., Ictiofauna del Parque Nacional Natural Sanquianga, un Analisis de su Estructura y Perspectivas para su Manejo., Memorias del VII Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias y Tecnologías del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :660-670.
  • Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
  • Steindachner, F., 1880., Zur Fisch-Fauna des Cauca und der flusse bei Guayaquil., Denskschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 42:55-104.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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Achirus klunzingeri, Brown sole : fisheries
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Achirus klunzingeri ( Steindachner , 1880 )

Brown sole Add your observation in Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Achirus klunzingeri   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pictures | Google image Image of Achirus klunzingeri (Brown sole) Achirus klunzingeri
Picture by Robertson, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Achiridae (American soles)
Etymology: Achirus: Greek, a = without + Greek, cheir = hands (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on author: Steindachner .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 14 - 40 m (Ref. 9047 ). Tropical; 18°N - 4°S, 103°W - 77°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: From central Mexico to northern Peru.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9047 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found over shallow sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 9047 ).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Ramos, Robson T.C. | Collaborators

Krupp, F. , 1995. Achiridae. Suelas. p. 845-850. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9047 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 12 March 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 24.6 - 28.2, mean 27.4 °C (based on 20 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5020   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00580 - 0.02864), b=3.12 (2.93 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.4   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low vulnerability (13 of 100). Price category (Ref. 80766 ):   Very high . Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 208 [95, 355] mg/100g; Iron = 1.1 [0.5, 2.1] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [16.1, 18.9] %; Omega3 = 0.133 [0.060, 0.263] g/100g; Selenium = 45.3 [22.5, 99.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.9 [5.4, 62.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.12 [0.74, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight);

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Updated: 2024-05-09 01:55:36 gmt
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