25.
Amaranthus viridis
Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 2: 1405. 1763.
Slender amaranth, tropical green amaranth, green amaranth
Amaranthus gracilis
Desfontaines ex Poiret
Plants
annual, sometimes short-lived perennial in tropics and subtropics, glabrous.
Stems
erect, simple or with lateral branches (especially distally), 0.2-1 m.
Leaves:
petiole
1
/2-1
1
/2 as long as blade; blade rhombic-ovate or ovate, 1-7 × 0.5-5 cm, base rounded, cuneate, or attenuate, margins entire, plane, apex obtuse, rounded, or emarginate, mucronate.
Inflorescences
slender spikes aggregated into elongate terminal panicles, also from distal axils, green, leafless at least distally.
Bracts
of pistillate flowers ovate to lanceolate, 1 mm, shorter than tepals.
Pistillate flowers:
tepals 3, narrowly elliptic, obovate-elliptic or spatulate, not clawed, ± equal, 1.2-1.7 mm, apex rounded or nearly acute, mucronate or not; style branches erect; stigmas 3.
Staminate flowers
inconspicuous, mostly at tips of inflorescences; tepals 3; stamens 3.
Utricles
ovoid to compressed-ovoid, 1-1.6 mm, equaling or slightly exceeding tepals, prominently or faintly rugose, indehiscent.
Seeds
black or dark brown, subglobose to thick-lenticular, 1 mm diam., minutely punctulate, rather dull.
Flowering summer-fall. Fields, railroads, lawns, gardens, waste areas, other disturbed habitats; 0-1000 m; introduced; Ala., Ariz., Ark., Fla., Ga., La., Mass., Mich., Miss., N.Mex., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va.; native to South America; introduced in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.
