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© Copyright source/photographer
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Andrena ziziae, f, face, Iowa |
© Copyright source/photographer
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Andrena ziziae, f, right, Iowa |
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© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014
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Andrena ziziae FEM CFP comp |
© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014
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Andrena ziziae MALE CFP comp |
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© Copyright Micheal Veit 2010
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Andrena ziziae |
© Copyright Micheal Veit 2010
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Andrena ziziae |
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© Copyright source/photographer
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Andrena ziziae, M, Back, VA, Giles County |
© Copyright source/photographer
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Andrena ziziae, M, Face, VA, Giles County |
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© Copyright John Ascher, 2006-2014
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Andrena ziziae, Golden Alexanders Andrena |
© Copyright John Ascher, 2006-2014
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Andrena ziziae, Golden Alexanders Andrena |
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© Copyright John Ascher, 2006-2014
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Andrena ziziae, Golden Alexanders Andrena |
© Copyright John Ascher, 2006-2014
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Andrena ziziae, Golden Alexanders Andrena |
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© Rebekah Andrus Nelson
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Andrena ziziae, female, face |
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Overview |
Reprinted with permission from the University of Nebraska State Museum from:
Ribble, D. W. 1968. Revisions of two subgenera of Andrena, Micrandrena Ashmead and Derandrena new subgenus (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum 8: 1-124.
Please report text errors to: leah at discoverlife dot org.
In his original description of personata, Robertson (1897) indicates that the type series of ziziae was a mixture of the two species. Robertson's notebooks show that he confused the two species up until at least 1894. Robertson's 1896b paper may really refer to personata. However, specimens of ziziae bearing determination labels indicate that it is only occasionally confused with other species. Andrena vernalis is thought to be only a variation of ziziae (see Variation).
Andrena ziziae has a wide galea and the integument does not give off noticeable metallic reflections. The female has broad facial foveae and relatively broad hind tibiae with relatively short scopal hairs; these hairs are not as spreading and overlap more than in personata. The surface of the tibia is more obscured in ziziae and the hairs tend all to orientate in the same direction. The male has a yellow clypeus and the second and third antennal segments are noticeably shorter than the others. The broad apex of the gonocoxite is also helpful in separating the male (fig. 28) from related species.
The descriptions are based mainly on a female (no. 3824) and a male (no. 3817) from Carlinville, Illinois, collected by Robertson on Zizia aurea on May 7, 1887. These specimens are paratypes of Andrena ziziae. Five hundred and thirty-three other specimens were also examined.
FEMALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — Length, 6.5 mm; width of mesothorax, 1.8 mm; wing length from tegula, 4.9 mm; facial length/width, 1.04; foveal length/width, 1.36.
INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Black to red-brown (without noticeable reflections of other colors) except: flagellum orangish below; pterostigma dark like veins; tegula amber; color otherwise as in piperi.
STRUCTURE. — Sculpturing in general finer over entire body than in piperi. Head otherwise as in piperi except: flagellar segment 2 shorter than 3; middle flagellar segments about as wide as long; galea with outer margin below palpus expanded into a wide lobe; maxillary palpus with segments in ratio of about 1.2:1.4:1.1:1.2:1.0:1.4; labial palpus with segments in ratio of about 3.2:2.0:1.0:2.0; clypeus protruding beyond lower margin of eye by about half width of eye in lateral view; supraclypeus with vertical rugae; facial fovea barely reaching upper eye margin, dorsally nearly as wide as eye.
Mesosoma as in piperi except: metanotal surface more coarsely sculptured than mesoscutum or scutellum; enclosure of propodeum with uneven, granular shagreening, rugae present basally; posterior and dorsolateral areas of propodeum not noticeably raised above enclosure, shagreening fairly regular; mesepisternum with sculpturing coarser than on mesoscutum.
Metasoma as in piperi.
VESTITURE. — Hairs as in piperi except: foveal hairs white; hairs on dorsum of thorax normal; terga 1-4 hairs (except apical fasciae) not very plumose, abdomen not having a dusty appearance; apical fasciae weak, absent on tergum 1, interrupted on terga 2-4; tibial scopal hairs slightly shorter.
MALE. MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS. — Length, 5.5 mm; width of mesothorax, 1.6 mm; wing length from tegula, 4.7 mm; facial length/width, 1.04; flagellar segment 1/segment 2, 1.92.
INTEGUMENTAL COLOR. — Color as in piperi except: integument black to red-brown without noticeable reflections of other colors; flagellum orangish below; pterostigma dark like veins; posterior half of tegula amber.
STRUCTURE. — Sculpturing in general finer over entire body than in piperi. Head otherwise as in piperi except: flagellum reaching to scutellum; scape as long as first four flagellar segments; segment 1 twice as long as 2, half again as long as 3; segment 2 tapered toward base; middle segments about as long as broad; ultimate segment half again as long as broad; eye about four times as long as broad in anterior view; inner eye margins only slightly convergent below; galea as in ziziae female; maxillary palpus with segments in ratio of about 1.2:1.1:1.0:1.0:1.0:1.3; labial palpus with segments in ratio of about 3.0:2.0:1.0:2.5; labral process one-third width of entire labrum, apex not emarginate; clypeus less than twice as broad as long.
Mesosoma as in ziziae female except hind tibia unmodified.
Exposed metasoma as in piperi.
Sternum 7 distinctly emarginate at apex, producing two large irregular lobes, each lobe bearing numerous long, branched setae (fig. 29). Sternum 8 (fig. 30) much like piperi except basal plate different in outline. Gonocoxite (figs. 26-28) in general much like piperi except apex wider, not bent downward as noticeably. Penis valve (figs. 26-28) narrower at tip in side view than piperi.
VESTITURE. — Hairs as in piperi except apical abdominal fasciae absent on tergum 1.
VARIATION. — Andrena vernalis (known from only females) is distinguished by a depressed, triangular area in front of the middle coxae. The depression may be such as to produce a ridge along the two sides of the area away from the leg. Laterally just above the depressed area the mesepisternum may be depressed. This character is also present in some specimens without the precoxal depressed area, but not to the degree found in some vernalis. Even though the structure of the mesepisternum is quite striking, vernalis is considered a variation of ziziae. Different individuals show a continuous variation in the mesepisternum from the modified type (above) to specimens having a flattened area in front of the coxa. Also, individuals with modified mesepisterna occur throughout most of the range of ziziae and are often collected with it. Specimens collected together may be almost identical except for the quite different mesepisterna and intermediates between these two types may occur with them. Males occasionally have weakly depressed areas in front of the middle coxae, but are not unusual in other respects.
There is a little variation in the length of the body hairs, hair color, integumental color, body size and in the female the width of the facial fovea. This variation seems to be only individual or populational or perhaps due to age in some cases. The labral process is highly variable in both sexes, even its general size and shape are not constant. Males occasionally have a small yellow maculation on the parocular area. The shape of the lobes on the apex of the male seventh sternum are highly variable.
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.
FEMALE — Length 7 mm.; clypeus very slightly convex, projecting about one-third below suborbital line, rather dull, very finely tessellate, finely and quite sparsely punctate; facial foveae narrow, occupying above about half of space between eyes and ocelli (as in fragariana, fig. 29), covered with whitish tomentum; space between margin of vertex and lateral ocelli equaling about half their diameter; cheeks slightly narrower than eyes, rounded posteriorly, surface finely roughened, punctures inevident; malar space lacking; basal segment of flagellum subequal to 2nd and 3rd combined, flagellum brownish-ferruginous; process of labrum small, nearly as long as broad, subtruncate apically; pubescence of head, thorax and legs greyish-white, thoracic integument dull, tessellate, punctures of scutum and scutellum exceedingly minute and obscure, rather sparse, hardly visible, even at high magnification; pleura without visible punctures; dorsal area of propodeum rather broad, nearly horizontal, triangle finely roughened, not distinctly demarked from adjacent areas; propodeal corbicula rather short, without an anterior fringe, greyish-white; trochanteral floccus rather short, whitish; hind tibiae broadened apically, apex about twice width of basitarsus, scopa rather dense, hairs of moderate length, simple, white; front and mid basitarsi rather slender, somewhat narrower than their respective tibiae; 2nd submarginal cell slightly shorter than 3rd, receiving 1st recurrent near middle; abdominal terga smooth but rather dull, very finely tessellate, impunctate, apical margins narrowly and very slightly impressed, becoming narrowly hyaline along rims, discal pubescence very short, sparse and inconspicuous, entirely whitish, forming rather loose, whitish, apical fasciae toward sides of terga 2-4, tergum 5 with a pale brownish, apical fimbria.
MALE — Length 6 mm.; length and breadth of face about equal; clypeus very slightly convex, projecting about one-third below suborbital line, yellow except for two small black spots and the dark apical rim, smooth and shining, with fine and rather close but obscure punctures; space between margin of vertex and lateral ocelli considerably less than their diameter; cheeks subequal to eyes in width, rounded posteriorly, rather dull, punctures very minute and obscure but rather close; malar space inevident; basal segment of flagellum subequal to 2nd and 3rd combined, flagellum beyond this point brownish-ferruginous; process of labrum much broader than long, very short, broadly truncate; mandibles rather short, with a small but distinct, subapical, inner tooth, slightly curved, overlapping not more than one-fourth; pubescence of head, thorax and legs entirely whitish; thoracic integument dull, tessellate, punctures of scutum very minute and obscure, well separated, almost sparse, surface somewhat shining, those on scutellum hardly evident, surface somewhat shining; pleura without evident punctures; dorsal area of propodeum rather broad, nearly horizontal, triangle very finely roughened, not much contrasting with adjacent areas; all basitarsi slender and elongate, considerably narrower than their respective tibiae; 2nd submarginal cell somewhat shorter than 3rd, receiving 1st recurrent slightly beyond middle; abdominal terga smooth but rather dull, microscopically tessellate, without evident punctures, apical margins narrowly and very slightly impressed, discal pubescence very short, thin and obscure, entirely white, fasciae very poorly developed, if at all; apical portion of sternum 8 extremely slender, almost spine-like, but becoming very slightly expanded to the obscurely rounded tip, bearing rather long, thin whitish hairs for most of its length; penis valves slender and strongly flexed apically, broadly dilated basally, and sides rather conspicuously excavated beneath, gonocoxites quite short and stout, expanded medially, becoming somewhat constricted apically, gonocoxal lobes triangularly produced, very narrowly rounded apically.
DISTRIBUTION — Minnesota to the New England states, south to North Carolina and Georgia; April to June.
FLOWER RECORDS — Aruncus dioicus and Umbelliferae. This is recorded by Robertson (1929) on Chaerophyllum, Polytaenia, Sanicula, Taenidia, Thaspium and Zizia.
Some variation is evident in this species, in that some individuals have a more closely punctate clypeus or the facial foveae are broader than in the typical form, and the apical impressed areas of the abdominal terga are more broadly hyaline.
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Kinds | |
Extracted from Joel Gardner. "The mining bees of Minnesota (unpublished manuscript)" Andrena ziziae is by far the most common Micrandrena species in Minnesota. It is
oligolectic on Zizia and often found in large numbers on this plant. The male is the only
Minnesota Micrandrena with a yellow clypeus (although other species outside Minnesota may
also have a yellow clypeus).
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Identification |
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960. Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.
Synonymous name : Andrena vernalis Mitchell
FEMALE — Length 8 mm.; face very slightly longer than distance between eyes above; eyes slightly convergent below; foveae broad, occupying most of space between eyes and ocelli above, only slightly narrowed below, covered with yellowish tomentum; vertex narrow, lateral ocelli separated from its hind margin by less than their own diameter; cheeks subequal to eyes in width; clypeus protruding but little below suborbital line, rather dull and tessellate, with very minute, scattered and obscure punctures, these becoming slightly closer at extreme sides; malar space hardly evident; process of labrum very small, narrowly truncate, length only slightly more than half the basal width; antennae dark basally becoming yellowish apically, basal segment of flagellum not quite equaling segments 2 and 3 combined, median segments slightly broader than long; pubescence of head and thorax rather short, pale yellowish, rather thin but erect on thorax, somewhat more elongate on thorax below; scutum and scutellum rather dull, with only a few scattered, exceedingly minute punctures evident anteriorly and on scutellum; pleura quite smooth but dull and tessellate, with a V-shaped ridge just anterior to mid-coxae; enclosure of propodeum rather poorly defined, very finely subrugose toward basal margin, lateral areas of propodeum rather smooth, propodeal corbicula rather elongate above, with scattered, elongate hairs in center but without an anterior fringe; trochanteral floccus well developed; legs somewhat reddened, the more apical tarsal segments becoming yellowish, pubescence entirely pale, hind tibiae moderately broadened apically, apex nearly twice width of their basitarsi, scopa of rather short but dense hairs; wings hyaline, veins and stigma testaceous, 2nd submarginal about half length of 3rd, receiving 1st recurrent near middle; tegulae yellowish-hyaline; abdominal terga smooth but dull, with scattered, exceedingly faint and obscure punctures, apical margins broadly yellowish-hyaline, segments 2-4 with rather broad, whitish, apical fasciae, these slightly interrupted on 2 and 3, apical fimbria yellowish-brown.
TYPES - Holotype: Female, Colebrook, Conn., May 31, 1922 (W. M. Wheeler) [M. C. Z.]. Paratypes: CONNECTICUT: 2 FF, topotypical [M. C. Z.]. OHIO: 1 F, Franklin Co., June 2, 1942 [Ohio State Univ.] NEW YORK: 1 F, Pine Island, June 12, 1917 (S. W. Frost) [M. C. Z.].
Extracted from: Robertson, C. (1897). North American Bees - Description and Synonyms. Transactions of the Academy of Science od St. Louis. Vol. 7. No. 14.
Female - Tbe female of this species is distinguished from that of A. ziziae by the antennae, mandibles and teglllae being clarker; the clypeus darker, more convex, bare, reflecting purplish; lateral facial depressions more narrow, inclosure of metathorax more evenly rugose; second submarginal cell longer, nearly equaling third; receiving recurrent nerVUl'e at, or a little before, the middle; legs a little darker, abdomen about the same. Length 6-7 111m.
Male - Resembles the female, a little less greenish; clypeus whitish, with a blackish spot on each side, with thin whitish pubescence, basal process of labrum emarginnte, mandibles rufous at tips; third joint of antennae shorter than next two together, flagellum testuceous beneath, abdomen with pale testaeeous margins broader. Length 5-6 mm.
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Updated: 2024-04-24 21:54:58 gmt
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