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Anisotremus scapularis (Tschudi, 1846)
PERUVIAN GRUNT
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Haemulidae   Anisotremus

Anisotremus scapularis
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Anisotremus scapularis

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Anisotremus scapularis
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Anisotremus scapularis
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • dark grey; ll: silver
  • dorsal fin and a: front rays longest - greater than triangular fin
Dorsal rays XII,14-17; anal rays III,12-13; body depth 2.1- 2.5 in standard length; scale rows of back ascending obliquely; lips thick; caudal fin straight or slightly concave; anterior rays of dorsal and anal fin much taller than posterior rays, giving these fins a somewhat triangular outline.

Dark charcoal grey to brownish on upper half, white below; a silvery-white streak along lateral line (rapidly fades after death).

Size: grows to 40 cm.

Habitat: forms large schools on rocky reefs.

Depth: 5-30 m.

Galapagos Islands, Malpelo, southern Colombia to Chile.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 30 m.
Depth Range Min: 5 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); mobile benthic worms; octopus/squid/cuttlefish; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=5; Southern limit=-23; Western limit=-93; Eastern limit=-70; Latitudinal range=28; Longitudinal range=23.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 40 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Continent + Island (s); Peruvian province, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Vagrant.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Near Bottom; Bottom + water column;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Edgar, G.J. Banks, S., Fariña, J.M., Calvopiña, M. and Martínez, C., 2004., Regional biogeography of shallow reef fish and macro-invertebrate communities in the Galapagos archipelago., Journal of Biogeography, 31:1107-1124.
  • Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
  • Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
  • Hooker, Y., 1998., Fauna asociada a las aguas cálidas presentes en la Bahía de Pucusana durante El Niño 1997-98, Junio a Julio de 1997., Instituto del Mar del Peru, Informe., 85:3-20.
  • Humann, P., 1993., Reef Fish Identification: Galapagos., New World Publishing:192pp.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1898., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part II., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1241-2183.
  • McCosker , J.E. , Merlen , G. , Long , D.J. , Gilmore , R.G. and Villon, C., 1997., Deepslope fishes collected during the 1995 eruption of isla Fernandina, Galapagos., Charles Darwin Foundation, Noticias de Galápagos., 58:22-26.
  • Snodgrass , R. E. and Heller, E., 1905., Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XVII. Shorefishes of the Revillagigedo, Clipperton, Cocos and Galapagos Island., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 6:333-427.
  • Starks, E. C., 1906., On a Collection of fishes made by P. O. Simons in Ecuador and Peru., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 30:761-800.
  • Tschudi, J. J. von., 1846., Ichthyologie. Pp. ii-xxx + 1-35, Pls. 1-6. In: Untersuchungen über die Fauna Peruana., Scheitlin & Zollikofer:1-693.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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