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Centropomus nigrescens Gunther, 1864
BLACK SNOOK
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Centropomidae   Centropomus

Centropomus nigrescens
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Centropomus nigrescens

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Overview
Main identification features
  • 1st dorsal fin : 1st long spine less than 2nd
  • lateral lineblack
  • wide between eyes
  • a: spines short, 2nd = 3rd
Wide between the eyes (71-74% of snout length); dorsal rays VIII +I,10 (rarely 9 or 11), first long spine shorter than following spine; anal rays III,6; pectoral rays 14-16 (usually 15); total gill rakers on first arch including rudiments 19-23 (usually 20-22); lateral-line scales 68-75 (usually 71-74); scales around tail base 25-30 (usually 27-29); second and third anal spines relatively short for the genus, about equal in length, not exceeding longest anal soft ray.

Generally silver with black lateral line; fins dark.

Size: attains 117 cm.

Inhabits bays, estuaries, and lower parts of freshwater streams.

Depth: 0-25 m.

Southern Baja and the SW and central eastern Gulf of California to Ecuador.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 25 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: bony fishes; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs).
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=28; Southern limit=-6; Western limit=-113; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=34; Longitudinal range=35.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Beach; Estuary; Mud; Sand & gravel; Soft bottom only; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Freshwater.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 117 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; 3 provinces (Cortez + Mexican + Panamic) endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Freshwater; Marine.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Castri-Aguirre, J.L., Espinoza-Pérez, H. and Schmitter-Soto, J.J., 2002., Lista sitemática, biogeográfica y ecológica de la ictiofauna estuarino lagunar y vicaria de México. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:117-142.
  • Castro-Aguirre , J. L. and Balart, E. F., 1997., Contribución al conocimiento de la ictiofauna de fondos blandos y someros de la Ensenada de La Paz y Bahía de La Paz, B.C.S.. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:139-150.
  • Castro-Aguirre, J.L., 1999., Ictiofauna estuarino-lagunar y vicaria de México., Editorial Limusa S.A. de C.V.: 1-629pp.
  • Donaldson, K.A. and Wilson Jr., R.R., 1999., Amphi-panamic geminates of snook (Percoidei: Centropomidae) provide a calibration of the divergence rate in the mitochondrial DNA control region of fishes., Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 13:208-213.
  • Dorda, J. and Perdices, A., 1997., Ictiofauna continental de la Isla de Coiba (Panamá). En Castroviejo, S. y Velayos M. (Eds): Flora y fauna del Parque Nacional de Coiba (Panamá). Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional., Serviprint:155-175.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
  • Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
  • Günther, A., 1864., Report of a collection of fishes made by Messrs. Dow, Godman and Salvin in Guatemala. Part first., Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864(1):144-154.
  • Hildebrand, S.F., 1925., Fishes of the Republic of El Salvador, Central America., Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries., 41:236-287.
  • Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1896., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part I., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1-1240.
  • Jordan, D.S., 1895., The fishes of Sinaloa., Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2), 5:377-514.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Madrid Vera , J. , Ruíz Luna , A. and Rosado Bravo, I., 1998., Peces de la plataforma continental de Michoacán y sus relaciones regionales en el Pacífico mexicano., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 42(2):267-276.
  • Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1925., The marine fishes of Panama. Part II., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:331-707.
  • Phillips, P. C., 1981., Annotated Checklist of Fishes at Jiquilisco Bay, El Salvador., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 29:45-58.
  • Ramírez Rodríguez, M., 1997., Producción pesquera en la Bahía de La Paz, B.C.S.. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:273-282.
  • Ricker, K.E., 1959., Mexican shore and pelagic fishes collected from Acapulco to Cape San Lucas during the 1957 cruise of the "Marijean"., Univ. Brit. Columbia Inst. Fish., Mus. Contrib., 3:18pp.
  • Rojas , J. R. , Pizarro , J. F. and Castro, M.V., 1994., Diversidad y Abundancia íctica en tres áreas de manglar en el Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 42:663-672.
  • Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
  • Tringali , M. D. , Bert , T. M. , Seyoum , S. , Bermingham , E. and Bartolacci, D., 1999., Molecular phylogenetics and ecological diversification of the transisthmian fish genus Centropomus (Perciformes: Centropomidae)., Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 13:193-207.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
  • Vega, A.J., Villareal, N., 2003., Peces asociados a arrecifes y manglares en el Parque Nacional Coiba., Tecnociencia, 5:65-76.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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Centropomus nigrescens, Black snook : fisheries, gamefish
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Centropomus nigrescens Günther , 1864

Black snook Add your observation in Fish Watcher
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Centropomus nigrescens   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pictures | Google image Image of Centropomus nigrescens (Black snook) Centropomus nigrescens
Picture by Robertson, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) > Centropomidae (Snooks)
Etymology: Centropomus: Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, poma, -atos = cover, operculum (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on author: Günther .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal. Tropical; 29°N - 6°S, 113°W - 76°W (Ref. 129711 )

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: southern Baja California, Mexico and mouth of the Gulf of California to Colombia and Peru.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 123 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637 ); common length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 55763 ); max. published weight: 26.2 kg (Ref. 40637 )

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Body slender and not very deep; dorsal profile slightly concave behind the eyes; lateral line extending to posterior edge of caudal fin; second anal spine, when folded down, well removed from origin of caudal fin; pectoral and pelvic fins sub-equal; anal fin with 6 rays; back blue gray; belly white; lateral line very dark; fins charcoal gray (Ref. 55763 ).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Adults enter mangrove areas and lagoons. Also occur in estuaries (Ref. 11035 ) and fresh water (Ref. 4537 ), as well as rustic ponds (Ref. 85798 ).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Bussing, W.A. , 1995. Centropomidae. Róbalos. p. 987-995. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9284 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 09 November 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 22.8 - 29.1, mean 26.9 °C (based on 207 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5005   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00479 - 0.01202), b=3.01 (2.88 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  4.2   ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100). Price category (Ref. 80766 ):   Very high .

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