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Cephaloscyllium silasi, Indian swellshark
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Cephaloscyllium silasi
Picture by
Siripittrakul, B. & T. Krajangdara
Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes
(Ground sharks) >
Scyliorhinidae
(Cat sharks) > Scyliorhininae
Etymology:
Cephaloscyllium:
cephalus
, from
kephale
(Gr.), head, referring to its very broad and depressed head;
skylion
, Greek for dogfish or small shark. (
See ETYFish
)
;
silasi:
In honor of Eric Godwin Silas (1928-2018), Sri Lankan-born Indian ichthyologist and fisheries scientist, Director, Central Marine Fisheries Institute (India), “whose excellent publications on the ichthyofauna of the continental shelf of the south-west coast of India have added much to our knowledge of the fauna of this region”. (
See ETYFish
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; bathydemersal; depth range 250 - 500 m (Ref.
95495
). Deep-water; 16°N - 9°N
Western Indian Ocean: vicinity of Quilon, India (Ref.
244
) and Sauqira Bay, Oman (Ref.
10914
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - 36.7 cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
95495
); 45.0 cm TL (female)
Short description
Morphology
|
Morphometrics
This is a small shark with the following characters: stout body with expanded belly; labial furrows absent but a vestigial lower labial furrow may be present; anterior nasal flaps are broadly triangular; head depressed, flattened and broad, rounded in dorsal and ventrally; mouth large and arched; 5 gill slits, dorsolaterally placed and last two gill slits over pectorals, the 1-3 gill slits are subequal in length, 5th smallest; eyes dorsolateral and slit like; large mouth, arched or crescentic; mouth width 0.6 times HL; first dorsal origin slightly in front of pelvic insertion and placed above pelvics (Ref.
95495
).
Found on the uppermost continental slope. Probably a dwarf species. Oviparous (Ref.
50499
). This species could possibly attains a maximum size of 50.0 cm TL, with males reported (Ref.
26842
) to reach length at maturity at 36.7 cm TL. A 45.0 cm female was found gravid and have two egg cases, one in each uterus, containing visible embryos (85.1-86.2 mm) with attached yolk sac. Stomach examined contains crustaceans and cephalopods (Ref.
95495
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref.
50449
).
Compagno, L.J.V.
, 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref.
244
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Critically Endangered (CR)
(A2d); Date assessed:
19 November 2019
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00263 (0.00139 - 0.00497), b=3.21 (3.04 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.0 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
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- 20 July 2016
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