|
Reprinted with permission from: Daly, H. V. 1973. Bees of the genus Ceratina in America North of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). University of California Publications in Entomology 74: 1-114. The Regents of the University of California. Published by the University of California Press.
Ceratina apacheorum Daly, new species
Allotype female.—Measurements and ratios: wing, 3.15 mm; hamuli, 5; eye 80:90:85:82; clypeus, 40 x 72:21:05; interocellar, 18:30:18:40 diameter 12.5, frontal carina, 45; malar area, 0 x 35; interalveolar, 25:18:38:43, diameter 13; antenna, 35:12:8:5:5:6, diameter 10; subpleural signum, 10.0x2.5.
Structure: Head rounded in cephalic view; eyes slightly convergent below, narrowly rounded above, subtruncate at malar area; frontal earina simple, poorly defined between alveolae, sulciform beneath median ocellus; vertex and supraorbital area limited posteriorly by a distinct preoccipital carina; median portion of hypostomal carina when viewed laterally of low uniform height, terminating anteriorly with a tooth, when viewed ventrally angle between median and lateral portions about 120°. Basitibial plate spiniform, its elevated apex at basal 0.21 of tibial length. Metasoma widest at segments 3—4; gradulus of tergum 4 terminating laterally beyond and below spiracle at a distance of 3.0 spiracle lengths; tergum 6 smoothly declivous, without central pit or notched profile; gradulus of sternum 2 arcuate, gradulus of sternum 3 slightly arcuate.
Sculpture and vestiture: Head polished, impunctate on clypeal disc, lower supraclypeal area, lowest paraocular area, subantennal area, convex portion of alveolocellar area and in narrow band behind eye; finely and sparsely punctured on mandible base and gena; elsewhere with fine to medium punctures much more than a puncture width apart and with largely simple setae; punctures closer in interalveolar, supraorbital and paraocular areas and vertex; sparse setae longer in interalveolar and postgenal areas, vertex, labral disc and apically on mandible. Sides of pronotum finely punctured about a puncture width apart, impunctate area before pronotal pit; scutal disc polished, impunctate, fine punctures marginally and as close as a puncture width apart laterally and on axilla; scutellar disc nearly impunctate, fine punctures becoming closer and almost contiguous laterally and posteriorly; metanotum finely punctured throughout, a puncture width apart; mesopleuron with medium, round, punctures irregularly a puncture width apart laterally, becoming more widely spaced posteroventrally, setae narrowly plumose, becoming longer posteroventrally; hypoepimeral area impunctate in lower half; metapleuron finely punctured, irregularly a puncture width apart; small impunctate area before metapleural pit; propodeal triangle reticulate rugose; angle of propodeum impunctate, minutely coriaceous; sides finely punctured, becoming closer and smaller laterad, with long erect, narrowly plumose setae. Metasomal tergum 1 finely punctured on dorsal surface more than a puncture width apart, virtually impunctate on anterior surface; terga 2—5 with scattered fine punctures on pregradular area near gradulus, postgradular punctures of two types: very minute and fine, the latter on discs of more anterior terga, becoming denser to about a puncture width apart laterally and apically, each with a short appressed simple seta; ground polished even subapically; tergum 5 roughened but with shiny ground; tergum 6 finely punctured throughout, about a puncture width apart, ground uneven but shiny, setae short, simple. Sterna finely punctured, about a puncture width apart or less; setae simple, fine, suberect, dense at apex of abdomen; setae of wax glands appressed.
Color: Head and thorax metallic very dark bluish green (ISCC-NBS 166); abdomen with similar metallic reflections over dark reddish brown cuticle; metallic colors lacking on labrum, mandibles, mesoscutal disc, and wax glands. Ivory marks: broad oval on clypeus, extending almost full length and widest near apex; spot at apex of profemur, bases of all tibiae, being largest on metatibia; pronotal lobes. Antennae fuscous, lighter beneath; legs proximally fuscous, not metallic, tarsi apically testaceous; wing membrane hyaline, venation and tegula testaceous. Body setae white.
Holotype male.—Measurements and ratios: wing, 3.4 mm; hamuli, 5; eye, 90:90:77:70; clypeus, 43 x 65:23:60; interocellar, 20:25:15:35 diameter 13; frontal carina, 40; malar area, 0 x 30; interalveolar, 25:12:30:35, diameter 13; antenna, 30:12:10:5:5:8, diameter 13; subpleural signum, 12.5 x 2.5.
Structure: Head rounded in cephalic view; eyes convergent below, rounded above, broadly rounded at malar area; frontal carina simple, distinct between alveolae, sulciform beneath median ocellus; vertex and supraorbital area limited posteriorly by an elevated preoccipital carina; median portion of hypostomal carina when viewed laterally of low uniform height, terminating anteriorly without a tooth, when viewed ventrally lateral portion arcuate. Ventral profile of metatrochanter nearly right-angled; width of metafemur at tooth 0.5 length, tooth pointed at apex, 100° angle, ventral facet poorly developed, profile of tooth with slightly concave sides, ventrobasal edge of tooth with medium straight, narrowly plumose setae becoming shorter at tooth’s apex (resembles fig. 30b). Metasoma widest at segments 3—4; gradulus of tergum 4 terminating laterally beyond and below spiracle at a distance of 2.9 spiracle lengths; tergum 6 without median subapical protuberance; dorsal view of apical plate width equals twice length, subtriangular; sternum 6 with two median teeth (resembles fig. 131). Genitalia presumed to be similar to fig. 28d.
Sculpture and vestiture: Head polished between punctures, impunctate on clypeal disc, subantennal area, most of convex portion of alveolocellar area and in narrow band behind eye; sparsely punctured on mandible base with minute and fine punctures; gena with fine punctures several puncture-widths apart; elsewhere with fine to medium punctures about a puncture width apart or more and with largely simple setae; punctures closer in interalveolar area, sparser in ocellorbital area; sparse setae longer in interalveolar and postgenal areas, vertex, and posteriorly on mandible. Sides of pronotum finely punctured more than a puncture width apart, impunctate area above pronotal pit extending to beneath dorsolateral angle; scutal disc polished, impunctate except anteriorly among lines, fine punctures marginally and about a puncture width apart or less laterally and on axilla; scutellar disc moderately punctate, fine punctures becoming less than a puncture width apart laterally and posteriorly; metanotum finely and irregularly contiguously punctured throughout; mesopleuron with medium, round punctures irregularly about a puncture- width apart or less laterally, becoming more widely spaced posteroventrally, medium plumose setae; lower half of hypoepimeral area impunctate; metapleuron finely punctured, irregularly less than a puncture-width apart above; large impunctate area before metapleural pit; propodeal triangle sharply reticulate rugulose; angle of propodeum impunctate, minutely coriaceous; sides finely punctured, becoming about a width apart and smaller laterad, with erect, plumose setae. Metasomal tergum 1 virtually impunctate on dorsal and anterior surfaces; terga 2—6 with scattered fine punctures on pregradular area near gradulus, postgradular punctures sparse on discs, fine and irregularly about a puncture-width apart elsewhere, each with a short appressed simple seta; ground shiny, but minutely uneven on terga 5—6; tergum 7 finely punctured about a puncture-width apart or more with shiny ground, apical plate above with long, plumose hairs extending beyond plate. Sterna 1—5 finely punctured, about a puncture width apart; setae fine, suberect, narrowly plumose, longer subapically on each sternum.
Color: Head and thorax metallic very dark bluish green (ISCC-NBS 166); abdomen with similar metallic reflections over dark reddish brown cuticle; metallic colors lacking on mandibles which are basally black. Ivory marks: broad hat-shaped on clypeus, extending full length and width; rectangular spot on labral disc; spot at apex of profemur, bases of all tibiae, being largest on metatibia; pronotal lobes. Antennae dark fuscous, lighter beneath; legs proximally reddish brown, not metallic, tarsi apically testaceous; wing membrane hyaline, venation and tegula testaceous. Body setae white.
Male compared with illustrations of other specimens: metafemur and metatrochanter (fig. 30b), sternum 6 and apical plate (fig. 13i); genitalia not dissected, but illustrated from another specimen (fig. 28d).
Type specimens.—Holotype male, Tucson, Arizona, April 9, 1961, on Prosopis juliflora (J. C. Bequaert); allotype female, same locality, host and collector as holotype, April 12, 1961. Sixty-four paratypes, same locality as holotype: 2 females, 1 male II-16-25 in grape stalk, 1 female II-21-33 (L. P. Webrie), 2 males III-19-61 on Sphaeralcea emoryi, 4 males III-19-61 on S. laxa (Bequaert), 1 male III-20-56 (T. Dees), 1 male 111-23-61 (G. D. Butler), 2 males III-27-62 on S. laxa (Bequaert), 1 female, 1 male IV-4-62 on (M. L. Noller), 1 female IV-4-60 on Larrea sp. (Butler), 1 male IV-9-61 on Prosopis juliflora (Bequaert), 3 females, 5 males IV-10-62 on Chaenactis stevioides (Noller), 1 female 1 male IV-12-61 on P. juliflora (Bequaert), 1 female IV-14-58 in rose cane (Butler), 1 male IV-16-55 on Sphaeralcea (Butler), 1 female IV-18-62 on Prosopis (Bequaert), 1 male IV-22-62 in malaise trap (Butler), 1 female IV-23-27 on S. pedata (M. H. Swenk), 1 female IV-28-54 (Butler), 3 females V-4-55 on Opuntia (Butler), I female V.6-54 on 4oac (Butler), 1 female V.7-8-62 in malaise trap (Butler), 1 female V-10-55 and 1 female, 1 male V-14-55 Baileya multiradiata (Butler), 1 male V-14-55 on Acacia (Butler), 1 female V-25-27-62 in malaise trap (Butler), 1 female V-1-33 (Bryant), I female VI-9-38 (Crandall), 1 female VI-7-13-62 and 3 females, 2 males VI-15-18-62 in malaise trap (Butler), 1 female V1-23-63 (Stange), 1 female VII-2-36 (E. S. Ross), 1 female VII-28-62 on Tamarix gallica (Noller), 2 males IX-1-5-62 in malaise trap (Butler), 1 male IX-23-40 (J. Bazetta), 1 female IX-27-36 (E. L. Breazeale), 3 females X-22-62 Baccharis sarothroides (Bequaert), 2 females X-27-26 on large yellow composite (M. H. Swenk). Holotype, allotype, and some paratypes deposited in the California Academy of Sciences. Other paratypes deposited in the collections of the University of Arizona, University of Kansas, American Museum of Natural History and U. S. National Museum of Natural History.
Ceratina apacheorum. is closely related to C. nanula but distinguishable in both sexes. The majority of records of the new species are from the Apachian Biotic Province (Dice, 1943) in southeastern Arizona (fig. 25). C. apacheorum has been collected sympatrically with C. nanula, but usually allotopically at lower elevations. For example, along the Hitchcock Highway in the Santa Catalina Mountains, C. apacheorum occurs at mileposts 0 to 5 (1cm than 3000 to over 4000 feet in altitude) and C. nanula has been taken at mileposts 5 to 23 (over 4000 to over 8000 feet in altitude). C. apacheorum is visibly smaller in size and less melanized than C. nanula. Structurally the new species has a distinct preoccipital earina which is especially conspicuous in the male. C. nanula has only a sharp preoccipital ridge which is not carinate in the female and only slightly so in the male. The tooth on the hind femur of the male of C. apacheorum is pointed and with medium to short, straight setae along the proximal, ventral edge in contrast to the rounded tooth of C. nanula which has longer, distally curling setae at the tooth’s apex. The lateral, apical lobelike portions of the sixth metasomal sternum in male C. apacheorum are less developed than in C. nanula (compare figs. 13i and 13a). The female lacks the central pit or notched profile of the sixth metasomal tergum which is distinctive for C. nanula.
Arizona. Cochise Co.: Apache, 5 mi. S.E., 2 females VIII-11-58 (Linsdale); 7.5 mi. E., 3 males IV .21-61 on Prosopis (Rozen, Schrammel); 15 ml. S.W., 19 VIII-22-70 on Heterotheca (Rozen). Bowie, I female VI-5-56 (Telford). Cochise, RR overpass, 1 female VIII-23-61 (Werner Bequaert). Chiricahua Mts., Keating Cyn., 1 female V-8-56 (Statham). Dos Cebezas, 1 female VII-9-55 on Desert Willow. (Butler, Werner). Douglas, 1 female 2 males V-1-44 (Jones); 17 mi. B., 1 female VIII-4-58 (Linsdale); 20 mi. N.E., 1 female IV-19-61 (Rozen, Schrammel). Elfrida, 1 maleIII-21-56 swept alfalfa(Werner, Butler); 9 mi. N. at 4200 feet elevation, 1 female V-20-61 (R. H. and B. M. Painter). Pearce, 25 mi. E., 2 females VII-29-54 on Baccharis glutinosa. (Butler, Werner). Peloncillo Mts., Skeleton Cyn., 14 females VIII-21-67 (Rozen, et al). Portal, 19 VII-18-63 (Raske); 2 mi. N.E., 2 females VII-30-59 (Statham). Willcox, 2 females VIII-14-58 one on Wislizenia refracta. (Linsdale, Hurd); 8 mi. S.W., 3 males IV-23-61 (Rozen, Schrammel). GILA Co.: Gila River, nr. Christmas, 4 males IV-5-61 on Ceracidium floridum(Bequaert); 2 mi. S.W. Christmas, 2 females VII-5-62 (Bequaert). GRAHAM Co.: Ft. Thomas, at 2700 feet elevation, 3 females VIII-7-46 (Scullen). GREENLEE Co.: Duncan
1♂ VI-15-50 in Acacia greggii (Beamer). MARWOPA Co.: Granite Reef Dam, 1♀ IV-16-64 on Sphaeralcea (Barr). Scottsdale, 2 ♀ ♀1 ♂ III-22-59 in Sphaeralcea (Beal). Tempe, 3 ♀ ♀1 ♂ VII-31-?, 4 ♀ ♀ VIII-1-4-l (Bequaert), 1 ♂ VIII-1-17. Wickenberg, 1 ♂ VII-5-50 on Heliotropium curassavicum (Beamer). MOJAVE Co.: Topock, 7 mi. E., 1 ♀ 1 ♂ VI-24-59 (Snelling). PIMA Co.: Aquirre Lake, 1 ♂ V-5-63 on Prosopis juliflora (Noller). Arivaca, 1 ♀ VII-13-50 (Rozen). Baboquivari Mts., 12 ♀ ♀ VIII-2-20-24 (Poling); Brown Canyon, 1 ♀ swept Canadian thistle (Noller); Elkhorn Ranch (east side Mts.), 1 ♀ VII-28-52 (Leech, Green); Kits Peak Rincon, 31°57’N, 111°33’W, about 4050 feet elevation, 3 ♀ ♀ VIII-1-4-16. Continental, 3 ♀♀ VII-14- 66 (Court). Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Alamo Canyon Wash, 1 ♂ III-28-64 on Penstemon parryi (Bequaert). Rillito, 1 ♂ V-2-37 (Christenson). Sahuarita, 1 ♀ 2 ♂ ♂ V-2-57 swept from Mesquite (Butler, Werner). Santa Catalina Mts., 1 male III-20-38 (Crandall); Bear Canyon mouth, 2 ♂ ♂ 111-29-64 on Encelia farinosa (Werner); Hitchcock Highway, mile post 0, 3 ♀ ♀ IV-8-55 two on Baileya multiradiata. (Butler), 1 ♂ IV-9-55 on Sphaeralcea (Werner), 2 ♀ ♀ 1 ♂ VI-14-61 on Condalia lycioides, 3 ♀ ♀ 1 ♂ VI-14-61 on Mimosa biunciflora (Bequaert), 1 ♀ VI-15-61 on Johnson); mile post 2, 1 IV-5-55 in Sphaeratcea (Butler); mile post 5, 1♂ IV-10-55 willow; Molino Camp, 1 ♂ Vt-22-53 (Beal); Sabino Canyon, 2 III-22-61 (Noller), 1 ♂ IV-15-47 (Townes), 1 ♀ IV-30-55 on Melilotus (Butler), I V-11-61 (Painters), 1 ♀ V-13-56 (Telford), 1 ♀ V-26-62 (Parker, Stange), 1 ♀ 1 ♂ VI-6-52 (Cazier, et al), 1 ♀ VI-25-63 (Stange), 1 ♀ 2 ♂ ♂ VI-29-55 (Butler, Werner), 1 ♀ IX-26-63 (Vesterby). Santa Rita Mts., 1 ♀ V.9-37 (Benedict), 8 ♀ ♀ VII-10-52 (Beamer, et al.); Madera Canyon (1060 M), 1 ♂ VIII-16-64 (Schlinger). Sierrita Mts., 1 ♂ III-5-25 (Vorhies). Three Points, 15 miles S. on 286, 2 ♀ ♀ 16 ♂ ♂ IV-4-61 on Senecio monoensis (Noller). Tucson (also see type series); Saguaro. Mon., 1 ♂ V-9-42 (Melander); 10 mi, E., 1 ♀ VII-30-55 on Croton (Butler). PINAL Co.: Ray, 5 mi. S., 2 ♂ ♂IV-5-61 on Encelia farinosa (Bequaert). Superior, Boyce Thompson Arboretum, 1 ♂ VI-4-62 (Werner, Bequaert), 1 ♀ V11-23-55 (Butler), 2 ♀ ♀ 1 male VII-23-56 females on Aster (Butler et al.). SANTA
Cruz Co.: Nogales, 1 ♀ VIII-16-68 (Bohart). Patagonia, 1 ♀ V-21-55 on Sphaeralcea (Butler), 1 ♀ VII-36 (Ross), 1 ♀ 3 males VII-26-62 1 ♂ on Cassia leptocarpa (Werner et al.), 1 ♂ VIII-10-58 (Werner), 1 ♂ IX-10-57 (Haig). Tucson, 45 mi. S., 1 ♀ VIII-9-63 (Rozen). YAVAPAI Co.: Prescott, 1 ♀ VII-25-48 (Vaurie).
California. INY0 Co.: Darwin, 1 ♂ V-12-69 (Doyen). Olancha, 1 ♂ II-20-37 (Frazier); 13 mi. S., 1 ♀ IX-9-56 Gutierrezia lucida (Hurd). Panamint Mts., 2 females V-30-37 (Frazier). KERN Co.: Brown, 3 mi. W., Sand Cyn., 2 males IV-7-66 (Schuster). Inyokern, 6 mi. W., 3 males III-30-61 (MacSwain). Mojave, 10.5 mi. W., 1 ♂ VI-14-61 on Sphaeralcea
(Thorp). Los ANGELES Co.: Eagle Rock Hills, 1 ♂ IV-14-33 on Rhamnis crocea (Michener).
Lancaster, 5 mi. S., 3 males V-15-56 (Linsley, MacSwain). Littlerock, 1 male IV-11-36. Llano,
Lovejoy Buttes, 2 males V-9-55 (Mason). Palmdale, 3 males IV-11-36 (Bohart). MONO Co.: Paradise Camp, 2 males V-7-60 (Menke). RIVERSIDE Co.: Riverside, 1 ♂ III-29-29 on Cryptantha intermedia (Timberlake). SAN BERNARDINO Co.: Morongo V., 1 ♀ V-22-56, 1 ♀ V-26-56 (La France). Palm Wells, 4 females IV-27-61 (Rozen, Schrammel). Summit Valley, 117°19’W 34°18’N, 1 ♀ V-23-54 on Penstemon centranthifolius (Straw). VENTURA Co.: Gorman, 5 mi. S., Hungary Valley, 3 males V-6-59, two on Haplopappus cooperi, one on Eriodictyon crassifolium (Hurd).
Nevada. ORMSBY Co.: Carson City, 1 ♀ VI-25-29 (Usinger). WASHOE Co.: Nixon, 1 ♂ VI-8-63 (Parker); 2 mi. N., 1 male VI-24-61 (Parker); 3 mi. N., 1 ♀ VI-25-60 (Parker). Patrick, 3 females 2 males VI-30-64 (Slansky).
New Mexico. HIDALGO Co.: Rodeo, 4160 feet elevation, 1 ♀ VIII-22-64 (Michener).
|
