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Reprinted with permission from: Daly, Howell. 1973. Bees of the Genus Ceratina in America North of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) University of California Publications in Entomology Volume 74:1-113. The Regents of the University of California. Published by the University of California Press.
Ceratina diodonta H. S. Smith, 1907
Female.—Measurements and ratios: wing, 3.1; hamuli, 5; eye, 85:90:90:87; clypeus, 45 x 75:25:70; interocellar, 18:30:20:40, diameter 15.0; frontal carina, 52; malar area 0x 40; interalveolar, 25:20:37:42, diameter12; antenna, 35:13:8:5:5:6, diameter11; subpleural signum, 11x2.5 (Texas, Lee Co., Fedor; U.S.N.M.)
Structure: Head rounded in cephalic view; eyes slightly convergent, narrowly rounded above, subtruncate at malar area; frontal carina simple, well-defined between antennae, sulciform beneath median ocellus; vertex and supraorbital area limited posteriorly by narrowly rounded, but not carinate, preoccipital ridge; median portion of hypostomal earina when viewed laterally of low uniform height and anteriorly unmodified, when viewed ventrally angle between median and lateral portions about 120. Basitibial plate small, spiniform, its elevated apex at basal 0.24 of tibial length. Metasoma widest at segments 3—4; gradulus of tergum 4 terminating laterally beyond and below spiracle at a distance of 3.2 spiracle lengths; tergum 6 with small median central area flattened; graduli of sterna 2—3 slightly arcuate.
Sculpture and vestiture: Head shiny between punctures, largely impunctate clypeal disc, lower supraclypeal area, lowest paraocular area, subantennal area, alveolorbital area, convex portion of alveolocellar area, narrow band behind eye and posterolateral part of gena; sparsely punctured on mandible base; elsewhere with very fine punctures about a puncture width apart or more and with largely simple setae; punctures closer in interalveolar and supraorbital areas; sparse setae longer in interalveolar area, labral disc, apically on mandible and postgena. Sides of pronotum finely punctured less than a puncture width apart, impunctate area before pronotal pit, dorsolateral angle with patch of dense, short, plumose setae; scutal disc shiny, impunctate, except anteriorly between lines and marginally, punctures fine and less than a puncture width apart, similarly punctured on axilla; punctures of scutellar disc more wide spaced, elsewhere with fine punctures becoming closer and less than a puncture width apart; metanotum finely punctured throughout, less than a puncture width apart; mesopleuron with coarse punctures less than a puncture width apart laterally, becoming more widely spaced posteroventrally, setae narrowly plumose, becoming longer posteroventrally; hypoepimeral area sparsely punctate in lower fourth; metapleuron finely punctured, about a puncture width apart; small sparsely punctate area before metapleural pit; propodeal triangle of about 20 longitudinal carinulae, with some anastomosis and becoming indistinct and reticulate medially; angle of propodeum impunctate, minutely coriaceous; sides finely punctured, becoming closer and smaller laterad, with erect, narrowly plumose setae. Metasomal tergum 1 finely punctured on median caudal surface more than a puncture width apart, virtually impunctate anteriorly; tergum 2 impunctate on pregradular area, terga 3—4 with scattered fine punctures on pregradular area near gradulus; terga 2—4 with postgradular punctures fine, several puncture widths apart on discs of more anterior terga, becoming denser to about a puncture width apart or less laterally and apically, each with a short appressed simple seta; terga ground shiny, but subapically minutely roughened on tergum 4; tergum 5 finely punctured and sparsely papillate; tergum 6 finely punctured about a
puncture width apart, ground with low papillae basally becoming distinctly rugulose laterally
and apically, except small central area which is punctured but free of papillae and rugulae;
setae short, simple. Sterna finely punctured, about a puncture width apart; setae simple, fine, suberect, dense at apex of abdomen; setae of wax glands appressed.
Color: Body metallic dark olive (ISCC-NBS 108) with minor yellowish reflections; metallic colors diminished on head and lacking on labrum mandibles mesoscutal disc and wax glands.
Ivory marks: broad oval on clypeus extending almost full length; stripe on foreleg, beginning
at apex femur and extending to mid length of tibia; spots at bases other tibiae, being largest
on metatibia; pronotal lobes. Antennae fuscous, lighter beneath; legs proximally fuscous, apical
four tarsomeres testaceous; wing membrane hyaline, venation and tegula testaceous. Body setae
pale flavescent.
Male.—Measurements and ratios: wing, 2.9 mm; hamuli, 5; eye, 82:82:75:60; clypeus, 42 x 60:
25:65; interocellar, 16:25:15:25, Q 13; frontal carina, 45; malar area, Ox 30; interalveolar, 20:11:30:35, Q 15; antenna, 20:10:7:7:7:12, 0 13; subpleural signum, 10 x 2.5 (Texas, Cameron
Co., Southmost; Univ. Kansas).
Structure: Head rounded in cephalic view; eyes strongly convergent below, rounded above, broadly rounded at malar area; frontal carina simple, distinct between alveolae, sulciform beneath median ocellus; vertex and supraorbital area limited posteriorly by preoccipital ridge without elevated carina; median portion of hypostomal earina when viewed laterally of low uniform height, terminating anteriorly without a tooth, when viewed ventrally lateral portion arcuate. Ventral profile of metatrochanter angulate, apical anteroventral facet partly developed, fine sparse setae; width of metafemur at tooth 0.45 length, tooth poorly developed, obtusely 145° angled, basal ventral facet narrow, indistinct, with fine, short, sparse setae on facet surface, ventral edge nearly bare (resembles fig. 9e). Metasoma widest at segments 3—4; gradulus of tergum 4 terminating laterally beyond and below spiracle at a distance of 2.5 spiracle lengths; tergum
6 without a median subapical protuberance and without median tuft of setae; dorsal view of apical plate width 3.0 times length, inconspicuous, short, medially emarginate; sternum 6 with two median teeth (resembles fig. 13k). Genitalia presumed to be similar to fig. 28j.
Sculpture and vestiture: Head shiny between punctures, largely impunctate on clypeal disc, lowest parocular area, circumantennal area, most of convex portion of alveolocellar area and in narrow band behind eye; moderately punctured on mandible base with minute and fine punctures; gena polished, with fine punctures irregularly and sparsely spaced; elsewhere with fine to medium punctures about a puncture width apart or less and with largely simple setae; punctures closer in interalveolar and supraclypeal areas; sparse setae longer in interalveolar and postgenal areas, vertex, labral disc and posteriorly on mandible. Sides of pronotum finely punctured, about a puncture width apart, impunctate area above pronotal pit extending to beneath dorsolateral angle; scutal disc shiny, fine to medium punctures several widths apart on disc, closer along lines, fine punctures marginally and contiguous laterally and on axilla; scutellar disc moderately punctate, fine punctures becoming contiguous laterally and posteriorly; metanotum finely and continuously punctured throughout; mesopleuron with coarse contiguous punctures laterally, becoming more widely spaced posteroventrally, long narrowly plumose setae; hypoepimeral area impunctate in lower third; metapleuron finely punctured, usually less than a puncture width apart; small impunctate area before metapleural pit; propodeal triangle reticulate rugulose, longitudinal carinulae distinct even laterally; angle of propodeum impunctate, roughly coriaceous; sides finely punctured, becoming contiguous and smaller laterad, nearly bare. Metasomal tergum I finely punctured on dorsal surface about two puncture widths apart, virtually impunctate on anterior surface; terga 2—6 with scattered fine punctures on pregradular area near gradulus, postgradular punctures fine and irregularly 1—2 puncture widths apart, each with a short appressed simple seta; ground shiny, small impunctate disc areas on terga 2—3, but minutely roughened on terga 4—6; tergum 7 finely punctured about a puncture width apart with minutely rugulose ground, apical plate above with short, bristly plumose hairs extending beyond plate. Sterna 1—5 medium punctured, about a puncture width apart; setae fine, suberect, narrowly plumose, longer subapically on each sternum.
Color: Head metallic very dark greenish blue (ISCO-NBS 175); thorax and abdomen with metallic reflections of olive green (ISCC-NBS 125); metallic colors lacking on mandibles which are black posterobasally. Ivory marks: broad hat-shaped on clypeus, extending full length and width; entire labrum except 3 dark basal spots; triangular spots in lower parocular areas, anterobasal spots on mandibles, spot at apex of profemur, stripe extending .75 length protibia, spots at bases other tibiae being largest on metatibia; pronotal lobes. Antennae blackish, lighter beneath; legs blackish, femora, tibiae, and basitarsi faintly metallic, tarsi apically testaceous; wing membrane light testaceous, venation and tegula dark testaceous. Body setae pale flavescent.
Male compared with illustrations of other specimens: metafemur and metatrochanter (fig. 9e), sternum 6 and apical plate (fig. 13k); genitalia not dissected, but illustrated from another specimen (fig. 28j).
Ceratina diodonta is restricted to southern Texas (fig. 19). Females may be separated from other small carpenter bees of similar size by the polished alveolorbital areas and otherwise sparsely punctured head. The males are unique among members of Zadontomerus in America north of Mexico in the emarginate apical plate and the absence of the central hair tuft on the sixth metasomal tergum.
Texas. BASTEOP Co.: McDade, 1 female V-10—54 (B. H. Beamer). Bexar Co.: Salado Creek, 2 males III-(12-21)-52 (M. Wasbauer). San Antonio, 1 female V-15-06 (F. C. Prat), 3 females VII-2-? from pecan twigs (McMillan). CAMERON Co.: “Cameron Co.,” 2 females IV-4-50 (D. and J. Knull), 1 female VII-3-28 (L. Beamer). Brownsville, 1 male V-10-04 (H. S. Barber), 1 male 1921 (J. C. Bridwell), 1 male VI-29-38 (B. Beamer). Port Isabel, 1 female X-54 (W. L. H. Krauss). Southmost, 7 females 30 males III-27-51 (Beamer, Michener), 24 females 15 males III-27-51 on Agastache breviflora (Beamer, Michener), 1 male III-27-51on Monarda citriodora (R. Beamer), 2 females 3 males III-27-51on Rubus (C. D. Michener), 9 females IV-13-50 (Michener, et al.), 1 female 5 males IV-13-53 on Lippia (Univ. Kans. Mex. Exp.). GONZALES Co.: Palmetto St. Pk., 9 female 4 males , (B. E. Beer, et al.), 2 females IV-19-63 (Roberts, Neumann). HIDALG0 Co.: “Hidalgo Co.,” 1 female VII-28-28 (R. Beamer). Hidalgo, 1 female V-13-52 (Cazier, et al.). LEE Co.: Fedor, 1 male 11-24-04 (no further data), 1 male IV-27-05 paratype (no further data), 1 male IV-20 paratype (no further data), 1 female 1 male (Birkman), 1 male III-21-99 paratype (Birkman). TRAVIS Co.: Austin, 2 females 2 males (W. M. Wheeler). VAL VERDE Co.: Devil’s Riv., 1 female V.6-07 (F. C. Bishop). Victoria Co.: Victoria, 1 female IV-5-11 (J. D. Mitchell), 1 male II-26-04 (J. C.
Crawford).
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