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Overview |
Main identification features
- snout ~ lower eye
- between eyes - narrow, flat, no bony crest
- body and fins - black speckles
- pectoral short, not reaching eye
- 8-10 lower rakers
- lateral line has 52-58 scales
Speckled sanddab
Eyes on left side; lower eye diameter equal to or less than snout length; narrow and flat between eyes, no bony ridge over lower eye; head length <30% of standard length;; mouth medium length, ends under lower eye; teeth ~equally developed on both sides of jaws, in 1 series on each jaw, no canines; base of eye-side pelvic on midline of body; urinary papilla on blind side, immediately behind anus; eye-side lateral line ~straight, from edge of opercle to tail base; 8-10 gill rakers on lower arm of 1st arch; 75-97 dorsal rays; 58-77 anal rays; eye-side pectoral 43-59% of head length, does not reach eye when folded forwards; tail fin rounded; lateral line 52-58 scales.
Eye-side tan to olive; finely and sharply speckled with black on body and fins; 3 dark blotches on body along lateral line; blind-side cream.
Size: 19 cm.
Habitat: sandy bottoms.
Depth: 0-366 m.
Alaska to southern Baja.
Attributes
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap).
Depth Range Max: 366 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: mobile benthic worms; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); bony fishes.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=61; Southern limit=25; Western limit=-148; Eastern limit=-113; Latitudinal range=36; Longitudinal range=35.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: East Pacific endemic; TEP non-endemic; All species.
Habitat: Sand & gravel; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 19 cm.
Regional Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; California province, primarily; Continent only; Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; All species.
Residency: Vagrant.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Jordan, D. S., Gilbert, C.H., 1882., Descriptions of two new species of fishes (Sebastichthys umbrosus and Citharichthys stigmaeus) collected at Santa Barbara, California, by Andrea Larco., Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 5:410-412.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Citharichthys&speciesname=stigmaeus ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Citharichthys&speciesname=stigmaeus http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Citharichthys&speciesname=stigmaeus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Citharichthys&speciesname=stigmaeus https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Citharichthys&speciesname=stigmaeus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Citharichthys-stigmaeus.html
Citharichthys stigmaeus, Speckled sanddab : fisheries
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Citharichthys stigmaeus
Picture by
Nichols, J.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Pleuronectiformes
(Flatfishes) >
Cyclopsettidae
(Sand whiffs)
Etymology:
Citharichthys:
Latin, cithara = lire like instrument + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref.
45335
)
;
stigmaeus:
Citharus
for its resemblance to the related genus
Citharus
;
stigmaeus
speckled (Ref.
4930
)
.
More on authors:
Jordan
&
Gilbert
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range ? - 549 m (Ref.
27436
), usually ? - 91 m (Ref.
2850
). Subtropical; 59°N -
Eastern Pacific: Montague Island, Alaska to Bahia Magdalena, southern Baja California, Mexico.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
2850
)
Short description
Morphology
|
Morphometrics
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 75-97;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 58 - 77;
Vertebrae
: 34 - 39. Caudal rounded.
Found on sandy bottom, from near shore to 366 m (Ref.
2850
). Little commercial importance because of its small size (Ref.
2850
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Distinct pairing (Ref.
205
). Oviparous (Ref.
101737
). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref.
101737
).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann
, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref.
2850
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
27 July 2020
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 5.7 - 15.1, mean 8.9 °C (based on 49 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00325 - 0.01693), b=3.15 (2.97 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.4 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Very high
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 169 [74, 363] mg/100g; Iron = 1.44 [0.65, 2.90] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [15.1, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.274 [0.141, 0.553] g/100g; Selenium = 42.1 [19.0, 95.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.5 [1.8, 32.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.811 [0.520, 1.232] mg/100g (wet weight);
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Updated: 2024-03-28 18:04:00 gmt
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