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Overview |
Main identification features
- d: xi
- c: s shape
- inside operculum and pectoral base: black
- pectoral less than pelvic
- scales roughfins no scales
Dorsal rays X + I, 19-21; anal rays II,8-9; pored lateral-line scales 60-61; gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 8-9, total 10-12; mouth oblique, lower jaw projecting beyond upper jaw; no pores or barbel on chin; teeth in 1-2 series, a pair of large canines at tip of upper jaw; margin of preopercle without serrations; pectoral fins short, extending well short of tips of depressed pelvic fins; tail fin S-shaped, more sharply pointed in young; rough scales in head and body; soft dorsal fin without a scaly sheath; lateral line decurved anteriorly.
Color silver, steel blue on upper back; inside operculum and pectoral axil dark; soft dorsal with dusky margin, other fins yellowish.
Size: attains at least 90 cm.
Inhabits coastal waters, including estuaries.
Depth: 1-30 m.
The eastern Gulf of California to Peru.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ); North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California).
Depth Range Max: 30 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: bony fishes; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); octopus/squid/cuttlefish.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=32; Southern limit=-6; Western limit=-114; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=38; Longitudinal range=36.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Sand & gravel; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Water column; Estuary.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 90 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; 3 provinces (Cortez + Mexican + Panamic) endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Marine.
Water Column Position: Mid Water; Near Bottom; Bottom; Bottom + water column;
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Names | |
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References |
- Allen , G.R. and Robertson, D.R., 1994., Fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific., Crawford House Press Pty Ltd:1-332.
- Breder, C.M. Jr., 1936., Scientific results of the second oceanographic expedition of the "Pawnee" 1926. Heterosomata to Pediculati from Panama to Lower California., Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Collect. Yale Univ., 2(3):1-56.
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Castri-Aguirre, J.L., Espinoza-Pérez, H. and Schmitter-Soto, J.J., 2002., Lista sitemática, biogeográfica y ecológica de la ictiofauna estuarino lagunar y vicaria de México. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:117-142.
- Castro-Aguirre, J.L., 1999., Ictiofauna estuarino-lagunar y vicaria de México., Editorial Limusa S.A. de C.V.: 1-629pp.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
- Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
- Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Jordan , D.S. and Bollman, C.H., 1890., Descriptions of new species of fishes collected at the Galapagos Islands and along the coast of the United States of Colombia, 1887-88, by the U.S. Fish Commission steamer 'Albatross'., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 12:149-183.
- Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1898., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part II., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1241-2183.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1925., The marine fishes of Panama. Part II., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:331-707.
- Phillips, P. C., 1981., Annotated Checklist of Fishes at Jiquilisco Bay, El Salvador., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 29:45-58.
- Rojas , J. R. , Pizarro , J. F. and Castro, M.V., 1994., Diversidad y Abundancia íctica en tres áreas de manglar en el Golfo de Nicoya, Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 42:663-672.
- Rubio, E.A., 1988., Estudio taxonomico de la ictiofauna acompañante del camaron en areas costeras del Pacifico de Colombia., Memorias del VI Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :169-183.
- Rubio, E.A., 1990., Sistematica y Abundancia de los Peces de la Familia Sciaenidae (Pisces: Perciformes) en areas Aledañas a la Bahia de Buenaventura., Memorias del VII Seminario Nacional de las Ciencias y Tecnologías del Mar. Comisión Colombiana de Oceanografía. Bogota, Colombia., :413-421.
- Steindachner, F., 1879., Über einige neue und seltene Fischarten aus den zoologischen Museen zu Wien, Stuttgart und Warschau., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 16:29-34.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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Following modified from FishBase
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Cynoscion&speciesname=stolzmanni ---> http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Cynoscion&speciesname=stolzmanni
http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Cynoscion&speciesname=stolzmanni ---> https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Cynoscion&speciesname=stolzmanni
https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Cynoscion&speciesname=stolzmanni ---> https://fishbase.net.br/summary/Cynoscion-stolzmanni.html
Cynoscion stolzmanni, Stolzmann's weakfish : fisheries, gamefish
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Stolzmann's weakfish
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![Image of Cynoscion stolzmanni (Stolzmann\](http://www.fishbase.org/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Cysto_u2.jpg "Image of Cynoscion stolzmanni (Stolzmann\")
Cynoscion stolzmanni
Picture by
Robertson, R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Eupercaria/misc
(Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae
(Drums or croakers)
Etymology:
Cynoscion:
Greek, kyon = dog + Greek, odous = teeth + Greek, skion, skiaina = barbel, red mullet (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Steindachner
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range 1 - 30 m. Tropical; 28°N - 15°S, 115°W - 75°W
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California to Peru.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
?
range ? - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
40637
); common length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9118
); max. published weight: 9.5 kg (Ref.
40637
)
Inhabits coastal waters, lagoons and estuaries (Ref.
9118
). Also found offshore (Ref.
11035
). Feeds mainly on small fishes and shrimps (Ref.
9118
). Lower depth range assumed (RF).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Chao, L.N.
, 1995. Sciaenidae. Corvinas, barbiches, bombaches, corvinatas, corvinetas, corvinillas, lambes, pescadillas, roncachos, verrugatos. p. 1427-1518. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para identificacion de especies para los fines de la pesca. Pacifico Centro-oriental. 3 volumes. 1813 p. (Ref.
9118
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
16 October 2019
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 23.1 - 29.1, mean 27 °C (based on 176 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00391 - 0.01767), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.1 ±0.71 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.32; assuming tm>=2).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Medium
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 81.3 [48.0, 153.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.869 [0.447, 1.519] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.3, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.203 [0.110, 0.335] g/100g; Selenium = 57.3 [30.0, 114.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11 [4, 31] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.879 [0.637, 1.265] mg/100g (wet weight);
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Updated: 2024-04-24 06:57:30 gmt
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