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Overview |
Main identification features
- filaments: side and top head
- tan + dark spots; 3 dark saddles on back
- 2nd dorsal fin : 22;a: 21
Schmitt's toadfish
Dorsal rays II + 22; anal rays 21; pectoral rays 15-16; last dorsal and anal rays separate from caudal fin; head and body scaleless; a sharp venomous spine on upper rear corner of gill cover; hair-like filaments on head and body more numerous than on D. reticulata, generally extending below under-eye canal of head and below lateral line on body, reaching on back as far as 8th ray of second dorsal fin.
Small specimens, about 8 cm very similar in color to D. reticulata, larger specimens lose the interconnecting pale network and have pattern of small dark spots in combination with the larger dark saddles on the back.
Size: reaches at least 15 cm.
Inhabits sand and mud bottoms.
Depth: 5-30 m.
Costa Rica and Panama.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 30 m.
Depth Range Min: 5 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); bony fishes; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; octopus/squid/cuttlefish.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=11; Southern limit=8; Western limit=-86; Eastern limit=-81; Latitudinal range=3; Longitudinal range=5.
Egg Type: Benthic; No pelagic larva; No pelagic phase.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Estuary; Mud; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Sand & gravel; Soft bottom only; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove).
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 15 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Continent only; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; Panamic province endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Marine.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Collette, B.B., 1968., Daector schmitti, a new species of venomous toadfish from the Pacific coast of Central America., Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 81:155-160.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Daector&speciesname=schmitti ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Daector&speciesname=schmitti http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Daector&speciesname=schmitti ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Daector&speciesname=schmitti https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Daector&speciesname=schmitti ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Daector-schmitti.html
Daector schmitti, Schmitt's toadfish
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Schmitt's toadfish
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Daector schmitti
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Allen, G.R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Batrachoidiformes
(Toadfishes) >
Batrachoididae
(Toadfishes) > Thalassophryninae
Etymology:
Daector:
Greek, daiktor, -oros = that can kill (Ref.
45335
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 5 - 30 m (Ref.
11482
). Tropical; 11°N - 7°N
Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of Nicoya (Costa Rica) to the Secas Islands (Panama).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9277
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 2;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 22. Sharp venomous spine on upper rear corner of gill cover; hair-like filaments on head and body generally extending below infraorbital canal of head and below lateral line on body, reaching posteriorly on back as far as eighth ray of second dorsal fin (Ref.
11482
).
Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref.
11482
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Allen, G.R. and D.R. Robertson
, 1994. Fishes of the tropical eastern Pacific. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. 332 p. (Ref.
11482
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Vulnerable (VU)
(B2ab(iii); D2); Date assessed:
22 May 2007
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 27.6 - 28.7, mean 28.2 °C (based on 38 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00187 - 0.01281), b=3.15 (2.93 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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Updated: 2024-03-29 00:18:45 gmt
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