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Identification Summary: Moderate sized to large; long head; extremely densely packed pits on scutum; mesepisturnum with pits, these are densely packed but can be hard to see amongst the raised lines; T2 unusually heavily and densely pitted.
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960 Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.
FEMALE—Length 5 mm.; head and thorax dull olive green, abdomen darker, but with strong greenish reflections; pubescence short, rather thin, somewhat more dense on cheeks, thorax laterally and posterior half of abdomen; length and breadth of head subequal; clypeus strongly flattened except at extreme sides, projecting about one-half below suborbital line; supraclypeal area flat, not elevated above surrounding areas of face, elongate, nearly equalling clypeus in length; eyes convergent below; lateral ocelli very slightly nearer eyes than to each other; cheeks slightly narrower than eyes; face below ocelli dull, punctures deep and distinct, but closely crowded, becoming somewhat finer and more definitely separated on vertex laterally, cheeks above somewhat shining, punctures obscured by pubescence, becoming finely striate below; hypostomal cannae parallel; lower half of face dull and tessellate, punctures rather widely separated, shallow but rather coarse, those on supraclypeal area rather sparse and somewhat finer, punctures of clypeus rather fine, distinctly separated but not sparse above, becoming somewhat more coarse and deep apically, scutum and scutellum dull, densely tessellate, punctures uniformly close but not crowded, interspaces hardly equalling diameter of punctures (not quite as close as in pilosus, fig. 99) ; pleura dull, finely rugoso-punctate; dorsal area of propodeum dull, obscurely rugoso-striate medially, becoming somewhat more distinctly striate laterally, lateral faces dull, finely subrugose; wings subhyaline, veins and stigma brownish-testaceous; tegulae yellowish-hyaline; legs piceous basally, becoming somewhat more reddened apically; abdominal terga somewhat shining, punctures fine but deep and distinct, quite close in general, apical margins obscurely and rather widely impressed, becoming somewhat more reddened toward rims, terga 3 and 4 largely obscured by rather dense pale tomentum.
MALE—Length 5 mm.; head and thorax dull olive green, abdomen somewhat more metallic green; pubescence short, thin, entirely pale, somewhat dense on thorax laterally and on face and cheeks; head slightly longer than broad; clypeus rather narrow, somewhat convex, projecting about one-half below suborbital line; supraclypeal area flattened, not elevated above surrounding areas of face; eyes strongly convergent below; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and each other; antennae sub- equally distant from eyes and each other, basal segment of flagellum about as broad as long, slightly broader and about equal in length to pedicel, following segments barely exceeding this length, about as broad as long, brownishferruginous beneath, darker above; mandibles, labrum and apical half of clypeus reddish-testaceous; cheeks slightly narrower than eyes; face below ocelli very closely and deeply punctate, punctures almost contiguous, somewhat more distinct on vertex laterally, which is somewhat shining, cheeks above shining, finely and obscurely punctate, becoming microscopically striate below; hypostomal carinae parallel; lower half of face somewhat more shining beneath the pale tomentum, punctures deep and distinct, but rather fine, well separated, but not sparse, those on supraclypeal area more exposed, evenly distributed and rather close, as on clypeus; scutum and scutellum dull, densely tessellate, very finely and closely punctate throughout, punctures becoming densely crowded at extreme sides; pleura somewhat more shining, rather deeply, closely and distinctly punctate, punctures becoming obscured posteriorly; dorsal area of propodeum dull, very finely and rather obscurely striate, lateral surfaces dull, subrugose; wings subhyaline, veins and stigma brownish-testaceous; tegulae yellowish-hyaline; legs reddish at base, becoming somewhat more yellowish toward tarsi, these entirely yellow; abdominal terga somewhat shining, deeply and distinctly, but very finely and quite closely punctate, apical margins narrowly impressed, somewhat reddened; apical margin of sternum 5 about straight; median lobe of sternum 7 parallel-sided, rather narrow and elongate, rounded apically; gonostylus of armature as shown (fig. 102), retrorse lobe attenuated apically, covered with fine, short setae.
DISTRIBUTION — North Carolina to Florida; May to September.
FLOWER RECORDS—Galactia, Polygonum and Tephrosia.
Extracted from Jason Gibbs. 2011. Revision of the metallic Lasioglossum (Dialictus) of eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictini.) Zootaxa.
Lasioglossum (Dialictus) raleighense (Crawford)
Halictus raleighensis Crawford, 1932: 73. ♀.
Holotype. ♀ USA, North Carolina, Raleigh, 5.vi.1923, on Baptisia tinctoria, (T.B. Mitchell); [AMNH]. Examined.
Taxonomy. Michener, 1951: Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) raleighense Michener, 1951: 1117 (catalogue); Mitchell, 1960:
Dialictus raleighensis ♀♂, p. 416 (redescription); Krombein, 1967: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) raleighense, p. 465 (catalogue);
Moure and Hurd, 1987: Dialictus raleighensis, p. 126 (catalogue).
Diagnosis. Female L. raleighense can be recognised by the following diagnostic combination: clypeus and supraclypeal
area flat, dull due to microsculpture (Fig. 170B); mesoscutal punctation dense (i
Male L. raleighense can be recognised by the following diagnostic combination: clypeus yellow distally (Fig. 172B),
supraclypeal area imbricate, flagellomeres short (F2–F10 length/width ratio = 1.13–1.18) (Fig. 172B), mesoscutal
punctures contiguous, and metasomal terga with apical impressed areas deeply and distinctly punctate. They are most
similar to L. batya, which has supraclypeal area polished and shiny.
Redescription. FEMALE. Length 4.60–4.96 mm; head length 1.37–1.44 mm; head width 1.34–1.42 mm; forewing
length 2.96–3.15 mm.
Colouration. Head and mesosoma pale green to bluish green. Clypeus with apical half blackish brown. Supraclypeal
area bronze. Antenna dark brown, flagellum with ventral surface reddish brown to orange-yellow. Tegula amber. Wings
faintly dusky, venation and pterostigma reddish brown. Legs brown, except medio- and distitarsi reddish brown. Metasomal
terga golden brown with narrow reddish rim, sterna brown, apical margins pale, translucent yellow.
Pubescence. Dull white. Head and mesosoma with moderately dense woolly hairs (1–1.5 OD), longest on genal
beard, metanotum, and mesopleuron (2–2.5 OD). Paraocular area and gena with subappressed tomentum partially
obscuring surface. Propodeum with moderately dense plumose hairs on lateral and posterior surfaces (2–2.5 OD). Metasomal
terga with moderately dense, fine hairs. T1 acarinarial fan complete. T1 dorsolateral portion with sparse tomentum.
T2–T3 laterally and T4 entirely with sparse tomentum not obscuring surface. T2 apicolateral and T3–T4 apical margins
with sparse fringes.
Surface sculpture. Face tessellate-imbricate, punctation fine. Clypeus punctation evenly spaced (i=1–2d). Supraclypeal
area imbricate, punctation moderately sparse (i=1–3d). Lower paraocular and antennocular areas with punctation
dense (i≤d). Upper paraocular area, frons and ocellocular area punctate-reticulate. Gena and postgena lineolate. Mesoscutum
and mesoscutellum tessellate, punctation dense throughout (i≤d). Axilla punctate-reticulate. Metanotum imbricate.
Preëpisternum rugose. Hypoepimeral area reticulate-rugulose. Mesepisternum reticulate-rugulose, weakly rugulose posteriorly.
Metepisternum with dorsal portion rugoso-carinulate, ventral half imbricate. Metapostnotum with weak rugae
poorly defined amidst tessellate interstices, posterior margin tessellate-granular. Propodeum with dorsolateral slope tessellate, lateral surface and posterior rugulose-imbricate. Metasomal terga polished, apical impressed areas weakly coriarious, punctation dense and distinct throughout (i=1–1.5d).
Structure. Head round to elongate (length/width ratio = 1.00–1.03). Eyes strongly convergent below (UOD/
LOD ratio = 1.44–1.48). Clypeus ½ below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins weakly convergent. Antennal
sockets close (IAD/OAD < 0.5). Frontal line carinate, ending 2OD below median ocellus. Gena narrower than eye. Inner metatibial spur pectinate with 3–4 branches. Metapostnotum truncate (MMR ratio = 1.30–1.44), lateral margin distinct, posterior margin weakly angled onto posterior surface. Propodeum with oblique carina fine, lateral carina not reaching dorsal margin.
MALE. Similar to female except for the usual secondary sexual characters and as follows. Length 3.39–3.96 mm;
head length 1.30–1.32 mm; head width 1.21–1.25 mm; forewing length 2.78–2.84 mm.
Colouration. Labrum, mandible and distal margin of clypeus brownish yellow. Flagellum with ventral surface
brownish yellow. Legs brown, except tibial bases and apices and tarsi brownish yellow.
Pubescence. Paraocular area below eye emargination with tomentum obscuring surface. S2–S4 with moderately
elongate woolly hairs (1.5–2 OD).
Surface sculpture. Clypeus and supraclypeal area imbricate, punctation moderately dense (i=1–1.5d). Mesepisternum
reticulate-punctate dorsally. T1 anterior surface with punctures evenly spaced (i=1–2.5d).
Structure. Head elongate (length/width ratio = 1.06–1.07). Eyes strongly convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio =
1.67). Clypeus 2/3 below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins subparallel. Antennal sockets distant (IAD/OAD =
1.0). Frontal line carinate, ending 2 OD below median ocellus. Pedicel subequal to F1. F2 length 1.0–1.1X F1. F2–F10
short (length/width ratio = 1.13–1.18). Metapostnotum moderately truncate (MMR ratio = 1.22–1.41), posterior margin
rounded onto posterior surface.
Terminalia. S7 with median lobe nearly parallel sided, apex rounded (Fig. 173). S8 with apicomedial margin weakly
convex (Fig. 173). Genital capsule as in Fig. 173. Gonobase with ventral arms widely separated. Volsella short, nearly
round. Gonostylus small, dorsal setae elongate. Retrorse lobe elongate, strongly attenuated apically, apex recurved.
Range. North Carolina south to Georgia (Fig. 174). USA; GA, NC.
Additional material examined. USA: GEORGIA: 4♀♀ 1♂ Forsyth, 23–30.ix.1970 (F.T. Naumann); 1♀ Rabun
Bald, 4700 ft., 16.vii..1957 (W.R. Richards); 1♀ Rabun Bald, 9.viii.1957 (L.A. Kelton); [CNC]; 3♀♀ Jasper Co.,
18.vii.2008 (J. Hanula & S. Horn); [PCYU]; NORTH CAROLINA: 1♀ Wayne Co., 23.v.1954 (T.B. Mitchell); [CUIC];
2♀♀ Harnett Co., 18.v.1935 (H.F. Schoof); 1♀ Wayne Co., 23.v.1954 (T.B. Mitchell); 3♀♀ Raleigh, 17.v.1942 (T.B.
Mitchell); 1♀ Southern Pines, 23.ix.1950 (T.B. Mitchell); [NCSU].
Floral records. FABACEAE: Baptisia tinctoria, Galactia, Tephrosia; POLYGONACEAE: Polygonum.
DNA Barcode. Available. Multiple sequences.
Comments. Uncommon.
Lasioglossum raleighense is used in a more restricted sense than in previous studies (e.g. Mitchell 1960), due to the
description of the related species L. batya (above).
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