1.
Dicranodontium uncinatum
(Harvey) A. Jaeger, Ber. Thätigk. St. Gallischen Naturwiss. Ges. 1877-1878: 380. 1880.
Thysanomitrium uncinatum
Harvey, Icon. Pl. 1: plate 22, fig. 5. 1836
Plants
brown proximally, yellowish green or yellowish brown to dark green distally, glossy, in loose to dense tufts.
Stems
2-8(-14) cm, radiculose proximally with reddish brown rhizoids.
Leaves
falcate-secund, especially at stem apices, sometimes erect and flexuose, spreading at ca. 30º when wet, 5-10 mm, occasionally deciduous, somewhat abruptly narrowed from an ovate to oblong base into a setaceous subula, subtubulose proximally, channeled distally, margins entire proximally, serrate to serrulate near apex, apex acute; costa distinct, occupying ca.
1
/5-
1
/3 of leaf base; cells thick-walled and pitted only in leaf base, distal cells linear, 24-56 × 5-9 µm, basal cells broadly rectangular, hyaline, ca. 16 µm wide, alar cells not forming auricles, thin-walled, hyaline.
Seta
8-11 mm, erect-sinuose to cygneous.
Capsule
1-1.8 mm; operculum straight, ca. 1 mm.
Spores
16-17 µm.
Dry or damp, acidic cliffs, primarily cliff ledges, sometimes on overturned tree roots and rotten logs in forests; low to moderate elevations (0-900 m); B.C.; Alaska; Europe; Asia.
Sporophytes are not known or reported for North American plants of
Dicranodontium uncinatum
. H. C. Gangulee (1971) reported them for eastern India where the plants fruited in October with capsules containing spores 16-17 µm. The largest North American species of the genus,
D. uncinatum
has stems usually 2-8 cm, sometimes up to 14 cm. It is easily recognized by its hook-shaped leaves. It is often confused with
D. denudatum
, which has shorter leaves, mostly less than 8 mm, auriculate, with an indistinct costa and alar cells that are narrowly rectangular and usually reddish. In
D. uncinatum
the cells distal to the alar region and adjacent to the costa are broadly rectangular and hyaline.
