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Dicrolene introniger, Digitate cusk eel
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Dicrolene introniger
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Ophidiiformes
(Cusk eels) >
Ophidiidae
(Cusk-eels) > Neobythitinae
Etymology:
Dicrolene:
Greek, dikros = with two ends + Greek, lenos , ou = cavity in the skull (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on authors:
Goode
&
Bean
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; bathydemersal; depth range 700 - 1785 m (Ref.
34024
), usually 1000 - 1600 m (Ref.
33456
). Deep-water
Eastern Atlantic: continental slope all along West Africa. Western Atlantic: warmer parts of the area including the Gulf of Mexico.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
27000
)
Short description
Morphology
|
Morphometrics
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 100-115;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 85 - 98. Snout rather blunt; eye diameter almost as long as snout; opercular spine strong and straight; hind margin of preopercle usually with 3 sharp spines; 1 median (broad) and a pair of basibranchial tooth patches; pseudobranchial filaments 2 or 3; 7-15 developed rakers on anterior arch; lower 5-11 pectoral fin rays free and longer than upper ones; precaudal vertebrae 13-16 (Ref.
34024
). No black fin rays; one supraorbital and 3 preopercular spines all strong (Ref.
34024
).
Common species (Ref.
34024
). Oviparous, with oval pelagic eggs floating in a gelatinous mass (Ref.
205
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins
, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO. (Ref.
34024
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
08 July 2014
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 3.2 - 7, mean 4.3 °C (based on 608 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00110 (0.00041 - 0.00296), b=3.08 (2.85 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.0 ±0.18 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
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