Thomas Onuferko · 9
Epeolus zonatus, Axillae mesoscutellum female |
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Thomas Onuferko · 9
Epeolus zonatus, Dorsal view female |
Thomas Onuferko · 9
Epeolus zonatus, Lateral view female |
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Thomas Onuferko · 9
Epeolus zonatus, Lateral view male |
Thomas Onuferko · 9
Epeolus zonatus, Pseudopygidial area female |
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© Copyright source/photographer
· 5
Epeolus zonatus, U, side, Georgia, Camden County |
© Copyright source/photographer
· 5
Epeolus zonatus, U, back, Georgia, Camden County |
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© Copyright source/photographer
· 5
Epeolus zonatus, U, face, Georgia, Camden County |
© Copyright source/photographer
· 5
Epeolus zonatus, U, side, Georgia, Camden County |
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© Rebekah Andrus Nelson
· 1
Epeolus zonatus, both, top of thorax |
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Overview |
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1962 Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 152.
FEMALE�Length 9 mm.; black, antennae, mandibles, legs, tegulae, pronotum and tubercles testaceous, the scutellum, axillae, lateral margins of scutum, and abdominal terga 1 and 2, in large part more ferruginous, spurs yellowish; lateral ocelli separated from margin of vertex by about their own diameter; cheeks less than half width of eyes, posterior margin quite distinctly carinate; labrum nearly twice as broad as its median length, with a pair of median, acute, apical denticles; inner margin of mandibles entire, not at all angulate; scutellum broadly rounded, median impression very faint if at all evident (fig. 110); axillae quite robust, broadly divergent from sides of scutellum, the acute tips reaching about to mid transverse line of scutellum; wings with the usual three submarginal cells, lightly infuscated, somewhat more deeply so apically, veins piceous; face with a limited area of white tomentum between antennae and eyes, margin of pronotum thinly white tomentose, and tubercles with a marginal fringe of short, white hairs; metanotum quite densely white tomentose beneath the somewhat overhanging scutellum, and extreme lateral margins of propodeum narrowly white tomentose; abdominal terga 1-4 with narrow, subapical, whitish fasciae that are rather widely interrupted medially, tergum 5 without pale tomentum; tegulae uniformly, finely and very closely and distinctly punctate throughout; vertex, cheeks and upper part of face deeply, regularly and rather coarsely and closely punctate, punctures becoming very fine and subcontiguous below antennae and over clypeus; scutum finely and densely rugose throughout, scutellum somewhat more coarsely and distinctly punctate, axillae very finely rugose; pleura rather coarsely rugose below, becoming rather finely so above; abdominal terga shining, punctures very fine and rather close but not crowded, evenly distributed on each tergum, becoming closer and finer on the more apical terga, without the usual black tomentum; pseudopygidium quite extensive, median length somewhat greater than apical width, the silvery tomentose surface rather sharply delimited from the otherwise dark surface of tergum 5.
MALE�Resembles female in general, but pleura somewhat more coarsely and irregularly rugoso-striate or reticulate; pygidial plate subtriangular, rather narrowly rounded at apex, margin carinate, surface rather smooth.
DISTRIBUTION�Georgia and Florida; March to May.
FLOWER RECORDS � Crataegus and Prunus.
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Identification | |
Extracted from: Onuferko TM (2018). A revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epeolus Latreille for Nearctic species, north of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Apidae). ZooKeys 755: 1–185. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.755.23939
Diagnosis. The following morphological features in combination (excluding any that
are specific to the opposite sex of the one being diagnosed) can be used to tell E. zonatus apart from all other North American Epeolus except E. erigeronis, E. ilicis, and
E. inornatus: the mandible is simple; the axilla does not attain the midlength of the
mesoscutellum but the free portion is distinctly hooked, with the tip unattached to
the mesoscutellum for more than 1/3 of the entire medial length of the axilla; and
the pseudopygidial area of the female is distinctly campanulate with the apex <2 × the
medial length. Whereas in E. erigeronis, E. ilicis, and E. inornatus the pronotal collar
and metasomal terga are black, as are sometimes the axilla and mesoscutellum, in E.
zonatus the pronotal collar, axilla, mesoscutellum, T1, and T2 are ferruginous. Also, in
E. zonatus the dorsum of the mesosoma and metasoma is commonly with much less
pale pubescence.
Redescription. FEMALE: Length 9.7 mm; head length 2.3 mm; head width 3.1
mm; fore wing length 6.2 mm.
Integument coloration. Black in part, at least partially ferruginous on mandible,
labrum, clypeus, antenna, pronotal collar, pronotal lobe, tegula, axilla, mesoscutum,
mesoscutellum, metanotum, mesopleuron, legs, T1, T2, and metasomal sterna. Mandible with apex darker than all but extreme base. Antenna brown and orange in part.
Pronotal lobe and tegula pale ferruginous to amber. Mesoscutum reddish-brown along
lateral margin and with pair of reddish-brown markings near posterior margin between midline and parapsidal line. Wing membrane dusky subhyaline, slightly darker
at apex. Legs more extensively reddish orange than brown or black.
Pubescence. Face with tomentum densest around antennal socket. Clypeus, upper
paraocular and frontal areas, and vertexal area mostly exposed. Mesoscutum without
pale tomentum. Dorsum of metasoma with bands of off-white short appressed setae.
Mesopleuron nearly bare, except along margins. Metanotum with tomentum sparser
medially, uniformly off white. T1 with discal patch quadrangular and very wide, the
basal and apical fasciae at most only narrowly joined laterally (not joined in lectotype
and multiple non-type specimens). T1 with basal and apical fasciae and T2–T3 with
apical fasciae widely separated medially, the apical fasciae reduced to pairs of small
patches somewhat broader laterally, T2 with fascia without anterolateral extensions
of tomentum. T4 with fascia much more narrowly interrupted medially than on preceding terga. T5 with two faint patches of pale tomentum lateral to and contacting pseudopygidial area at apex, diverging from pseudopygidial area basally. T5 with
pseudopygidial area campanulate, its apex less than twice as wide as medial length,
indicated by silvery setae on impressed disc of apicomedial region elevated from rest
of tergum. S5 with apical fimbria of coppery to silvery hairs extending beyond apex
of sternum by ~2/5 MOD.
Surface sculpture. Punctures dense. Labrum with larger and sparser punctures
(i=1–2d) than clypeus (i<1d). Small impunctate matte spot lateral to lateral ocellus.
Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, and axilla coarsely and densely rugose-punctate. Tegula very densely punctate mesally (i<1d), less so laterally (i=1–2d). Mesopleuron with
denser (i≤1d) punctures in upper half than ventrolateral half (i≤2d), the interspaces
shining; mesopleuron with punctures similar in size throughout. Metasomal terga
with punctures very fine, dense (i=1–2d), evenly distributed on disc; the interspaces
shining somewhat.
Structure. Mandible without preapical tooth. Labrum with pair of small subapical
denticles not preceded by carinae. Frontal keel not strongly raised. Scape with greatest
length 1.9 × greatest width. F2 noticeably longer than wide (L/W ratio = 1.4). Preoccipital ridge not joining hypostomal carina, from which it is separated by no less than
1 MOD at its terminal. Mesoscutellum moderately bigibbous. Axilla intermediate in
size, its lateral margin (L) nearly half as long as mesoscutellar width (W) (L/W ratio
= 0.4–0.5) and tip not extending beyond midlength of mesoscutellum; axilla with tip conspicuously diverging from side of mesoscutellum, distinctly hooked, and axilla
with free portion 2/5 its medial length; axilla with lateral margin relatively straight and
carinate. Fore wing with three submarginal cells. Pygidial plate apically truncate.
MALE: Description as for female except for usual secondary sexual characters and as
follows: F2 shorter, not noticeably longer than wide (L/W ratio = 1.1); S4 and S5 with
much longer coppery to silvery subapical hairs; pygidial plate apically rounded, with
large deep punctures more or less evenly spaced throughout, with the interspaces shining.
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Updated: 2024-04-24 06:57:34 gmt
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