http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Epinephelus&speciesname=summana ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Epinephelus&speciesname=summana http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Epinephelus&speciesname=summana ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Epinephelus&speciesname=summana https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Epinephelus&speciesname=summana ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Epinephelus-summana.html
Epinephelus summana, Summan grouper : fisheries
You can
sponsor
this page
Common name (e.g. trout)
Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)
-
-
About this page
-
Languages
-
User feedbacks
-
Citation
-
Uploads
-
Related species
-
Summan grouper
Add your observation in
Fish Watcher
Upload your
photos
and
videos
Pictures
|
Google image
Epinephelus summana
Picture by
Field, R.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Perciformes/Serranoidei
(Groupers) >
Epinephelidae
(Groupers)
Etymology:
Epinephelus:
Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref.
45335
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 30 m (Ref.
89707
). Tropical; 31°N - 9°N, 32°E - 55°E (Ref.
5222
)
Western Indian Ocean: known only from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden (Ref.
5222
). Reported from Somalia and Socotra (Yemen).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9710
); common length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
5450
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 11;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 14-16;
Anal
spines
: 3;
Anal
soft rays
: 8 - 9. Body robust. Serrae at the angle of the preopercle slightly enlarged; the upper edge of the operculum strongly convex. Posterior nostril of adults vertically elongate. Very similar to
E. ongus
which has longer pectoral fins, and a narrow white margin with broad blackish submarginal band on the median fins, which are absent or poorly developed in
E. summana. Generally dark olive-brown to dark brownish gray with large pale blotches (most larger than the eye) and numerous small white spots overlying this pattern. Fins covered with small white spots, except for pectoral fins where the white spots are confined to the base.
Occurs in shallow protected coral reefs and in lagoons or brackish-water environments (Ref.
5222
). No published information on the biology of this species has been found (Ref.
5222
). Sold fresh in local markets (Ref.
5222
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall
, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref.
5222
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
02 November 2017
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
FAO - Fisheries:
landings
; Publication:
search
|
FishSource
|
Sea Around Us
More information
Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Food consumption
Ration
Common names
Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morphometrics
Morphology
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Recruitment
Abundance
BRUVS
References
Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Electrophoreses
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Nutrients
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Sounds
Ciguatera
Speed
Swim. type
Gill area
Otoliths
Brains
Vision
Tools
E-book
|
Field guide
|
Identification keys
|
Length-frequency wizard
|
Life-history tool
|
Point map
|
Classification Tree
|
Catch-MSY
|
Special reports
Check for Aquarium maintenance
|
Check for Species Fact Sheets
|
Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets
Download XML
Summary page
|
Point data
|
Common names
|
Photos
Internet sources
AFORO (otoliths) |
Aquatic Commons
|
BHL
|
Cloffa
|
BOLDSystems
|
Websites from users
|
Check FishWatcher
|
CISTI
|
Catalog of Fishes
:
genus
,
species
|
DiscoverLife
|
ECOTOX
| FAO - Fisheries:
landings
; Publication:
search
|
Faunafri
| Fishipedia |
Fishtrace
| GenBank:
genome
,
nucleotide
|
GloBI
|
Google Books
|
Google Scholar
|
Google
| IGFA World Record |
MitoFish
|
National databases
|
Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes
|
PubMed
|
Reef Life Survey
| Socotra Atlas |
Tree of Life
| Wikipedia:
Go
,
Search
| World Records Freshwater Fishing |
Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 150 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00571 - 0.02419), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.8 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649
): Very high vulnerability (83 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Very high
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 28.8 [12.7, 60.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.473 [0.253, 0.981] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.2, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.124 [0.076, 0.198] g/100g; Selenium = 28.4 [16.3, 51.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 183 [46, 765] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.55 [1.04, 2.18] mg/100g (wet weight);
Back to Search
Random Species
Back to Top
Accessed through:
Not available
FishBase mirror site :
localhost
Page last modified by :
mrius-barile
- 20 July 2016
Fatal error
: Uncaught ArgumentCountError: Too few arguments to function checkEcotox(), 1 passed in /var/www/html/summary/speciessummary.php on line 2304 and exactly 3 expected in /var/www/html/includes/speciessummary.lib.php:2579 Stack trace: #0 /var/www/html/summary/speciessummary.php(2304): checkEcotox() #1 {main} thrown in
/var/www/html/includes/speciessummary.lib.php
on line
2579
|