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Ethmidium maculatum (Valenciennes, 1847)
PACIFIC MENHADEN
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Clupeidae   Ethmidium

Ethmidium maculatum
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Ethmidium maculatum

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Ethmidium maculatum
www.fao.org Copyright Michel Lamboeuf · 0
Ethmidium maculatum
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Overview
Main identification features Body deep, compressed; a keel of scutes along belly; a row of 21-30 scutes along back from nape to dorsal fin; top jaw with distinct central notch; snout slightly projecting; mouth large, reaching to rear margin of eye; no teeth; ~130-150 slender rakers on lower limb of 1st gill arch; dorsal at about midbody, 16-20 rays; anal fin short (II, 12-15) with origin well behind dorsal fin; pelvic with 7 rays; scales with vertical radii.

Silver; a dark spot behind gill cover, up to 4 series of vertical oval spots along flank.

Size: to 35 cm.

Habitat: marine, coastal, pelagic, in large schools.

Depth: 0-10 m?.

Ecuador to Chile.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 10 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: zooplankton; bony fishes; Pelagic crustacea; phytoplankton; pelagic fish larvae; pelagic fish eggs.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=-2; Southern limit=-36; Western limit=-82; Eastern limit=-73; Latitudinal range=34; Longitudinal range=9.
Egg Type: Benthic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore; Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Pelagic.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Water column.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 35 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; Peruvian province, primarily; Continent only; All species.
Residency: Vagrant.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Near Surface; Surface; Water column only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • Cuvier , G. and Valenciennes, A., 1847., Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome dix-neuvieme. Suite du livre dix-neuvieme. Brochets ou Lucioides. Livre vingtieme. De quelques familles de Malacopterygiens, intermediaires entre les Brochets et les Clupes., Histoire Naturelle Des Poissons, 19:i-xix + 1-544 + 6pp.
  • Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Starks, E. C., 1906., On a Collection of fishes made by P. O. Simons in Ecuador and Peru., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 30:761-800.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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