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Euprotomicrus bispinatus, Pygmy shark
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Euprotomicrus bispinatus
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Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) >
Squaliformes
(Sleeper and dogfish sharks) >
Dalatiidae
(Sleeper sharks)
Etymology:
Euprotomicrus:
eu-
, a Greek intensive (i.e., very);
protos
(Gr.), first;
mikros
(Gr.), small, referring to very small first dorsal fin. (
See ETYFish
)
;
bispinatus:
bi-
, from
bis
(L.), two;
spinatus
(L.) thorny, referring to spiny processes on each pelvic fin (claspers) of the male. (
See ETYFish
)
.
More on authors:
Quoy
&
Gaimard
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; bathypelagic; depth range 0 - 1800 m (Ref.
31367
). Deep-water; 38°N - 54°S
Circumglobal: In subtropical to temperate waters. Southeast Atlantic: near Ascension Island, east of Fernando de Noronha Island, and west of Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Indian Ocean: Madagascar to Western Australia. North Pacific: Midway Islands, Hawaiian Islands to off California, USA. South Pacific: between New Zealand, Phoenix Island and southern Chile.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
22.5
, range 22 - 23 cm
Max length : 30.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
96339
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 0;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 0. Small dogfish with a cigar-shaped body, a distinct dark collar marking around the gill region, a conical snout, large round eyes (Ref.
5578
), fleshy lips, enlarged triangular lower teeth, equal-sized gill slits (Ref.
5578
), very small dorsal fins, and a paddle-shaped caudal fin with nearly symmetrical upper and lower lobes (Ref.
6871
). Black with white fin edges; belly luminous (Ref.
247
).
Epi-, meso-, and perhaps bathypelagic at 1->400 m (Ref.
58302
). Occurs at or near the surface at night, descending to below 400 m (possibly as deep as 1,800 m) during the day (Ref.
31367
). Feeds on squid, bony fishes, and crustaceans (Ref.
5578
). Ovoviviparous (Ref.
205
), with 8 young per litter, size at birth between 6 and 10 cm (Ref.
247
). Caught with dip-nets and buckets at night (Ref.
6577
).
Ovoviviparous, with 8 young per litter. Size at birth between 6 and 10 cm (Ref.
247
). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref.
205
).
Compagno, L.J.V.
, 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref.
247
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
13 May 2015
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 5.7 - 15.3, mean 9.2 °C (based on 870 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 1.0020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00141 - 0.00976), b=3.12 (2.89 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.1 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (Fec=8).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
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- 20 July 2016
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