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Western Pacific: Indonesia to Fiji, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Rowley Shoals in the eastern Indian Ocean and New Caledonia. Recently recorded from Tonga (Ref.
53797
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
9710
)
Generally seen in pairs on steep outer reef slopes, drop-offs (Ref.
9710
), in caves or along the bases of boulders (Ref.48636); in rich coral growth interspersed with sand (Ref.
37816
). Usually occurs in loose groups of females dominated by a male. Sometimes feeds on plankton high above the substrate (Ref.48636).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 24.5 - 28.5, mean 27.1 °C (based on 90 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03090 (0.01359 - 0.07026), b=2.89 (2.70 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 70.4 [35.1, 109.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.668 [0.402, 1.104] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.1, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.114 [0.068, 0.189] g/100g; Selenium = 25.5 [13.2, 50.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 146 [41, 490] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.25 [0.83, 1.78] mg/100g (wet weight);
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Laguna, Philippines
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