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Gerres filamentosus, Whipfin silver-biddy : fisheries
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Whipfin silver-biddy
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Gerres filamentosus
Picture by
Ramani Shirantha
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Eupercaria/misc
(Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Gerreidae
(Mojarras)
Etymology:
Gerres:
Latin, gerres = a kind of anchovies; cited by Plinius
.
More on author:
Cuvier
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; amphidromous (Ref.
51243
); depth range 1 - 50 m (Ref.
4372
). Tropical; 26°C - 29°C (Ref.
4959
); 32°N - 35°S, 25°E - 171°E
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Madagascar to Japan and Australia; New Caledonia (Ref.
26587
) and Vanuatu (Ref.
13300
). Enters rivers and lakes in Madagascar and the east coast of Africa. Not in the Middle East (Ref.
103159
).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
19.0
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
116875
); common length : 15.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
4967
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 9;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 10-11;
Anal
spines
: 2-3;
Anal
soft rays
: 7 - 8.
Adults are coastal inhabitants found on soft bottoms (Ref.
44894
), over sandy substrate (Ref.
12693
). Juveniles are found in brackish mangrove estuaries, sometimes enter fresh water (Ref.
2847
,
44894
), lakes (Ref.
4323
), tidal creeks (Ref.
44894
) and lower freshwater reaches of rivers (Ref.
12915
). Feed on small crustaceans, polychaetes and forams on sand or muddy-sand bottoms (Ref.
12915
), worms and insect larvae (Ref.
12693
). Length at first reproduction was reported to be around 12 cm SL, for a population in a South African estuary (D. Woodland, pers.comm. 07/13). Salted or made into fish sauce.
Juveniles enter estuaries and mangrove areas at 1 cm SL and stay until they reach maturity, at which stage they move out to sea (Ref.
36558
).
Woodland, D.J.
, 1984. Gerreidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref.
3409
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
11 July 2016
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 24.8 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1220 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.01004 - 0.01507), b=3.05 (3.01 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Medium
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 140 [77, 253] mg/100g; Iron = 1 [1, 2] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.8, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.24 [0.13, 0.42] g/100g; Selenium = 47.4 [26.5, 88.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.7 [5.9, 46.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.42 [0.97, 1.98] mg/100g (wet weight);
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- 20 July 2016
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