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Gymnothorax mordax, California moray : fisheries, aquarium
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Gymnothorax mordax
Picture by
Gotshall, D.W.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Anguilliformes
(Eels and morays) >
Muraenidae
(Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology:
Gymnothorax:
Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Ayres
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 1 - 40 m (Ref.
35581
). Subtropical; 34°N - 2°S, 121°W - 90°W (Ref.
96339
)
Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to southern Baja California in Mexico. Also known from the Galapagos Islands (Ref.
35581
).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 152 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
2850
); max. reported age: 30 years (Ref.
56049
)
Short description
Morphology
|
Morphometrics
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Vertebrae
: 146 - 154
Found common among rocks; lives in crevices or holes, usually with only head protruding. Very common in shallow reef areas (Ref.
35581
). Feed mostly at night on crustaceans, octopuses and small fishes. Long-lived. Pelagic spawners (Ref.
56049
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Oviparous. Pelagic spawner (Ref.
56049
).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann
, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref.
2850
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
18 August 2011
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Traumatogenic (Ref.
4690
)
Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquarium: public aquariums
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 18 - 28.3, mean 25.3 °C (based on 18 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00047 (0.00025 - 0.00089), b=3.28 (3.13 - 3.43), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tmax=30).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Medium
.
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- 20 July 2016
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