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Halichoeres adustus (Gilbert, 1890)
BLACK WRASSE
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Labridae   Halichoeres

Halichoeres adustus
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Halichoeres adustus

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Halichoeres adustus
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Halichoeres adustus
Halichoeres adustus
© Copyright Ross Robertson, 2006 · 12
Halichoeres adustus
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • black + blue edges and blue spots on scales
  • juvenile: black + white bar and spots
Dorsal rays IX, 11; anal rays III, 12; pectoral rays 12; lateral line with 27 pored scales; jaw teeth caniniform; two pairs of enlarged canines at front of lower jaw and a pair of similar teeth at front of upper jaw, all directed obliquely forward; rear of upper jaw without enlarged canines.

Initial phase dark grey-brown, nearly blackish except lighter on head and breast; head and body with numerous small blue or white spots arranged in longitudinal rows; tail fin with broad white posterior marking; terminal phase uniformly dark brown or blackish with narrow bluish margin on median fins; juveniles similar to initial phase except a white bar at level of posterior part of pectoral fin, a white-edged black spot on middle of dorsal fin, and several large white blotches scattered on side.

Size: reaches at least 12.5 cm.

Habitat: common on rocky reefs.

Depth: 0-5 m.

Revillagigedos, Isla del Coco and the Galapagos, also the Tres Marias Islands in the SE Gulf of California ,vagrants at Cabo San Lucas and Costa Rica.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 5 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); mobile benthic worms; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=24; Southern limit=-2; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-85; Latitudinal range=26; Longitudinal range=30.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 12.5 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; TEP oceanic island (s) endemic; Multiple oceanic islands endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Bussing, W.A., 1987., Los peces de la familia Labridae de la Costa Pacífica de Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 33:81-98.
  • Castro-Aguirre, J.L. and Balart, E.F., 2002., La ictiofauna de las islas Revillagigedos y sus relaciones zoogeograficas, con comentarios acerca de su origen y evolucion. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:153-170.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
  • Gilbert, C.H., 1890., A preliminary report on the fishes collected by the steamer "Albatross" on the Pacific coast of North America during the year 1889, with descriptions of twelve new genera and ninety-two new species., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 13:49-126.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1898., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part II., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1241-2183.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Snodgrass , R. E. and Heller, E., 1905., Papers from the Hopkins Stanford Galapagos expedition, 1898-1899. XVII. Shorefishes of the Revillagigedo, Clipperton, Cocos and Galapagos Island., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 6:333-427.
  • Victor, B. C. and Wellington, G. M., 2000., Endemism and the pelagic larval duration of reef fishes in the eastern Pacific Ocean., Marine Ecology Progress Series, 205:241-248.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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Following modified from FishBase
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Halichoeres&speciesname=adustus ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Halichoeres&speciesname=adustus
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Halichoeres&speciesname=adustus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Halichoeres&speciesname=adustus
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Halichoeres&speciesname=adustus ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Halichoeres-adustus.html
Halichoeres adustus, Black wrasse
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Halichoeres adustus ( Gilbert , 1890 )

Black wrasse Add your observation in Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Halichoeres adustus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pictures | Google image Image of Halichoeres adustus (Black wrasse) Halichoeres adustus
Male picture by Robertson, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Labridae (Wrasses) > Corinae
Etymology: Halichoeres: Greek, als, alis = salt + Greek, choiros = pig (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on author: Gilbert .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 3 m (Ref. 9311 ). Tropical; 20°N - 4°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Revillagigedo Islands and Cocos Island.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9311 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Generally encountered around islands, over rocky bottoms (Ref. 9311 ).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Westneat, Mark | Collaborators

Gomon, M.F. , 1995. Labridae. Viejas, doncellasas, señoritas. p. 1201-1225. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9311 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Vulnerable (VU)  (D2); Date assessed: 23 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00451 - 0.02020), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.4   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100). Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 116 [63, 218] mg/100g; Iron = 0.802 [0.427, 1.583] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [15.7, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.072, 0.223] g/100g; Selenium = 14.3 [7.7, 29.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 158 [44, 628] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.98 [1.29, 3.25] mg/100g (wet weight);

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