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Halichoeres scapularis, Zigzag wrasse : fisheries, aquarium
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Halichoeres scapularis
Male picture by
Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Eupercaria/misc
(Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae
(Wrasses) > Corinae
Etymology:
Halichoeres:
Greek, als, alis = salt + Greek, choiros = pig (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Bennett
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 20 m (Ref.
90102
). Tropical; 32°N - 24°S
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa (Ref.
2334
) to Papua New Guinea, north to Japan, south to the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
30573
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 9;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 11;
Anal
spines
: 3;
Anal
soft rays
: 11. The initial phase is olivaceous to brownish yellow dorsally, white ventrally, with a black zigzag stripe running from eye to upper caudal peduncle (continuing anteriorly as a yellow stripe from the eye to the snout). This primary phase is similar to
H. trimaculatus
except for the black zigzag stripe along its back (Ref.
1602
). The terminal phase is green, the zigzag stripe lavender-pink with its anterior portion overlaid by a black blotch.
Common in shallow lagoons or bays; usually over sand, rubble, or seagrass bottom (Ref.
41878
), rather than on coral reefs. May be found in groups (Ref.
90102
). Usually solitary and aggressive towards members of its own species. Feeds on small crustaceans by picking them off the sandy bottom (Ref.
5503
).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref.
205
). Pelagic spawner (Ref.
32193
).
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene
, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref.
2334
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
12 April 2008
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 26.2 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2756 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00574 - 0.01742), b=3.15 (3.00 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Very high
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 81.2 [48.7, 136.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.733 [0.426, 1.332] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [15.7, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.147 [0.096, 0.229] g/100g; Selenium = 24 [15, 43] μg/100g; VitaminA = 108 [35, 388] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.57 [1.09, 2.43] mg/100g (wet weight);
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