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Halichoeres semicinctus (Ayres, 1859)
ROCK WRASSE
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Labridae   Halichoeres

Halichoeres semicinctus
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Halichoeres semicinctus

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Halichoeres semicinctus
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Halichoeres semicinctus
Halichoeres semicinctus
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Halichoeres semicinctus
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • initial phase : tan + black spots on back
  • terminal phase :blue-green + black and white bar
Dorsal rays IX, 12; anal rays III, 12; pectoral rays 13; lateral line with 27 pored scales; jaw teeth caniniform, 2 pairs of enlarged, curved canines at front of each jaw; rear of upper jaw with prominent forward-directed canine on each side.

Pale green to pale yellow orange; initial phase with scattered black dots on upper back; terminal phase with prominent pale-edged black bar on lower two-thirds of side, a short distance behind base of pectoral fin; juveniles with white midlateral stripe and black ocellated spot at middle of dorsal fin.

Size: reaches a maximum length of 38 cm.

Habitat: occurs over clean white sand adjacent to rocky reefs.

Depth: usually in 1-40 m.

Southern California to southern Baja, the northern and western Gulf of California.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap).
Depth Range Max: 40 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: ectoparasites; sea-stars/cucumbers/urchins; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=34; Southern limit=25; Western limit=-119; Eastern limit=-111; Latitudinal range=9; Longitudinal range=8.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 38 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; California province, primarily; Continent only; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Ayres, W. O., 1859., On new fishes of the Californian coast., Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 1), 2:25-32.
  • Breder, C.M. Jr., 1936., Scientific results of the second oceanographic expedition of the "Pawnee" 1926. Heterosomata to Pediculati from Panama to Lower California., Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Collect. Yale Univ., 2(3):1-56.
  • De la Cruz , J. , Galvan , F. , Abitia , L. A. , Rodriguez , J. and Gutierrez, F. J., 1994., Lista sistematica de los peces marinos de Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Systematic List of marine fishes from Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico)., Ciencias Marinas, 20:17-31.
  • Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
  • Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
  • Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
  • Jenkins , O.P. and Evermann, B.W., 1889., Description of eighteen new species of fishes from the Gulf of California., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 11:137-158.
  • Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1898., The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Part II., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 47:1241-2183.
  • Jordan , and McGregor,., 1898., List of fishes collected at the Revillagigedo archipelago and neighboring islands., Rept. U.S. Fisheries Comm., 24:271-284.
  • Lea, R.N. and Rosenblatt, R.H., 2000., Observations on fishes associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño off California., CalCOFL Rep., 41:117-129.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Madrid Vera , J. , Ruíz Luna , A. and Rosado Bravo, I., 1998., Peces de la plataforma continental de Michoacán y sus relaciones regionales en el Pacífico mexicano., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 42(2):267-276.
  • Osburn , R. C. and Nichols, J. T., 1916., Shore Fishes Collected by the 'Albatross' Expedition in Lower California with Descriptions of New Species., Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35:139-181.
  • Pondella II, D.J., Gintert, B.E., Cobb, J.R., Allen, L.G., 2005., Biogeography of the nearshore rocky-reef fishes at the southern and Baja California islands., Journal of Biogeography, 32:187-201.
  • Ramírez Rodríguez, M., 1997., Producción pesquera en la Bahía de La Paz, B.C.S.. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:273-282.
  • Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
  • Victor, B. C. and Wellington, G. M., 2000., Endemism and the pelagic larval duration of reef fishes in the eastern Pacific Ocean., Marine Ecology Progress Series, 205:241-248.
  • Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.

Acknowledgements

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Halichoeres semicinctus ( Ayres , 1859 )

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Halichoeres semicinctus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pictures | Google image Image of Halichoeres semicinctus (Rock wrasse) Halichoeres semicinctus
Female picture by Gotshall, D.W.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Labridae (Wrasses) > Corinae
Etymology: Halichoeres: Greek, als, alis = salt + Greek, choiros = pig (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on author: Ayres .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 24 m (Ref. 2850 ). Subtropical; 34°N - 23°N, 121°W - 106°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Point Conception in California, USA to Guadalupe Island (off north-central Baja California) and the Gulf of California in Mexico.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850 ); max. reported age: 14 years (Ref. 56049 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found close to rocks near patches of sand and in tide pools. Dart into sand when disturbed and sleep at night buried in sand with head protruding. Feed on gastropods, small crustaceans and has been observed to pick ectoparasites from other fishes (Ref. 9311 ). Each individual functions first as female but changes to a male at length of about 30 cm. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049 ).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049 ). Changes sex at 30 cm (Ref. 2850 ).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Westneat, Mark | Collaborators

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann , 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 23 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Aquarium: commercial FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 16.7 - 24.2, mean 22.3 °C (based on 103 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00451 - 0.02020), b=3.09 (2.92 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.3   ±0.39 se; based on food items. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tm=2; tmax=14). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100). Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 32.3 [14.8, 63.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.591 [0.326, 1.149] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [16.4, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.195 [0.114, 0.338] g/100g; Selenium = 12.9 [6.4, 25.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 56 [17, 229] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.922 [0.613, 1.576] mg/100g (wet weight);

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