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Australian Faunal Directory FishBase Names Scientific source: Integrated Taxonomic Information System Supported by National Biological Information Infrastructure National Science Foundation go to Discover Life's Facebook group Following modified from Australian Faunal Directory    Top | See original &pull 20q v5.145 20180528: Error 301 Moved Permanently http://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/c8b31c66-a457-449a-8780-8ebdd2cafcf8 Following modified from FishBase    Top | See original http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=uarnak ---> http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=uarnak http://52.67.158.155/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=uarnak ---> https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=uarnak https://fishbase.net.br/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Himantura&speciesname=uarnak ---> https://fishbase.net.br/summary/Himantura-uarnak.html You can sponsor this page Common name (e.g. trout) contains begins with begins with ends with is Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua) About this page More Info Plus d'info Mais info Languages Arabic Bahasa/Malay Bangla Chinese(Si) Chinese(Tr) Deutsch English Español Farsi Français Greek Hindi Italiano Japanese Lao Nederlands Português(Br) Português(Pt) Russian Swedish Thai Vietnamese User feedbacks Comments &   Corrections Fish Forum Guest Book Facebook Citation Uploads Attach website Upload photo Upload video Upload   references Fish Watcher Related species Species in    Himantura Species in    Dasyatidae - Classification - Urogymninae Dasyatidae Myliobatiformes Elasmobranchii Chordata Animalia Himantura uarnak ( Gmelin , 1789 ) Honeycomb stingray Add your observation in Fish Watcher Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. Himantura uarnak   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS Upload your photos  and  videos Pictures | Videos | Stamps, Coins Misc. | Google image Himantura uarnak Picture by Randall, J.E. Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Urogymninae Etymology: Himantura: Greek, iman, imantos = thong, strap + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335 ) . More on author: Gmelin . Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology Marine; brackish; reef-associated; amphidromous (Ref. 51243 ); depth range 20 - 50 m (Ref. 28016 ). Subtropical; 23°C - 26°C (Ref. 12468 ); 38°N - 37°S, 34°E - 149°W Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri Indo-Pacific: Persian Gulf (Ref.80050); Red Sea (and eastern Mediterranean via Suez Canal) to southern Africa and French Polynesia, north to Taiwan, south to Australia. Also in the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819 ). Collected from the estuary of the River Ganges (Ref. 33178 ). This name has been used for a number of similar spotted species (Ref. 6871 ). Probably a species complex (Ref. 35766 ). Its identity has been confused in many publications and Micronesian specimens should be re-examined (Ref. 37816 ). Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age Maturity: L m 83.0 , range 82 - 84 cm Max length : 200 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 3263 ); common length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5450 ); max. published weight: 150.0 kg (Ref. 124786 ) Short description Morphology | Morphometrics Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Anal spines : 0; Anal soft rays : 0. Huge stingray with conspicuous dark spots on a light brown disc; spots well-spaced in young but crowded to form reticulated pattern in adult; white ventrally; tail marked with bands of black and white; snout sharply pointed; disc with narrowly rounded outer corners, and tail long, slender and nearly three times body length when intact, with no caudal finfolds; disc without thorns but with band of flat denticles along midback (in adults); usually 1 medium-sized sting on tail (Ref. 5578 ). Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic) Common off sandy beaches and in shallow estuaries and lagoons; also found in sandy areas of coral reefs (Ref. 9710 ). Also offshore down to 50 m depth (Ref. 5578 ). May enter fresh water (Ref. 5578 ). Feeds on small fishes, bivalves, crabs, shrimps, worms (Ref. 3263 ) and jellyfishes (Ref. 37816 ). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449 ). Common catch of the demersal tangle net, bottom trawl, longline and beach seine fisheries (Ref.58048). Popular angling fish (Ref. 3263 ). Not esteemed as a food fish (Ref. 3263 ). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166 ). Tail is used as It is parasitised by the monogeneans Dendromonocotyle colorni and Dendromonocotyle ukuthena on the dorsal skin surface (Ref. 124058 ). Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449 ). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205 ). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205 ). Bears 3 to 5 young in the summer (Ref. 5578 ). Size at birth about 21 (Ref.58048) - 28 cm WD (Ref. 6871 ). Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : McEachran, John | Collaborators Fricke, R. , 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Theses Zoologicae, Vol. 31:759 p. (Ref. 33390 ) IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )   Endangered (EN)  (A2d); Date assessed: 27 November 2020 CITES Not Evaluated CMS (Ref. 116361 ) Not Evaluated Threat to humans   Venomous (Ref. 27550 ) Human uses Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | More information Countries FAO areas Ecosystems Occurrences Introductions Stocks Ecology Diet Food items Food consumption Ration Common names Synonyms Metabolism Predators Ecotoxicology Reproduction Maturity Spawning Spawning aggregation Fecundity Eggs Egg development Age/Size Growth Length-weight Length-length Length-frequencies Morphometrics Morphology Larvae Larval dynamics Recruitment Abundance BRUVS References Aquaculture Aquaculture profile Strains Genetics Electrophoreses Heritability Diseases Processing Nutrients Mass conversion Collaborators Pictures Stamps, Coins Misc. Sounds Ciguatera Speed Swim. type Gill area Otoliths Brains Vision Tools Bio-Quiz | E-book | Field guide | Identification keys | Length-frequency wizard | Life-history tool | Point map | Classification Tree | Catch-MSY | Special reports Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets Download XML Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos Internet sources AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record Estimates based on models Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 24.2 - 28.6, mean 27.8 °C (based on 334 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.00840 - 0.03434), b=3.17 (2.98 - 3.36), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.6   ±0.6 se; based on diet studies. Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (Fec=3-5). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Very high vulnerability (90 of 100). Price category (Ref. 80766 ):   Low . Nutrients (Ref. 124155 ):  Calcium = 3.06 [0.35, 48.42] mg/100g; Iron = 0.343 [0.028, 3.859] mg/100g; Protein = 22.3 [19.6, 25.0] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.036, 0.335] g/100g; Selenium = 15.7 [2.7, 86.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 10.9 [0.9, 124.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.504 [0.035, 5.570] mg/100g (wet weight); Comments & Corrections Back to Search Random Species Back to Top Accessed through: Not available FishBase mirror site : Laguna, Philippines Page last modified by : mrius-barile Updated: 2024-04-26 11:55:42 gmt TaiBIF | Search | All Living Things | Top © Designed by The Polistes Corporation