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Hippocampus capensis, Knysna seahorse : aquarium
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Hippocampus capensis
Female picture by
Lourie, S.A.
Teleostei (teleosts) >
Syngnathiformes
(Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae
(Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology:
Hippocampus:
Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref.
45335
)
.
More on author:
Boulenger
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Brackish; demersal; non-migratory; depth range 0 - 27 m (Ref.
130565
). Temperate; 18°C - 22°C (Ref.
130565
); 33°S - 34°S
Southeast Atlantic: endemic to South Africa.
Hippocampus capensis
has the smallest known range of any seahorse and was the first to be assessed as threatened on the IUCN Red List, in 1994.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
5.8
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.1 cm OT male/unsexed; (Ref.
31848
); common length : 7.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
4281
)
Short description
Morphology
|
Morphometrics
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 16-18;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 3.
Found in bays and estuaries among submerged vegetation; diurnal (Ref.
4281
,
30915
). Can tolerate salinities from 1-59 ppt (Ref.
30915
). Ovoviviparous (Ref.
205
). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref.
205
). Length type refers to Height (= from top of coronet to the tip of straightened tail). Breeding in the aquarium is possible (Ref.
130565
).
Male carries the eggs in a brood pouch (Ref.
205
).
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster
, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses
Hippocampus
Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref.
115213
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Endangered (EN)
(B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)); Date assessed:
09 March 2017
CITES
Appendix II:
International trade monitored
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Aquarium: commercial
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tm=1; Fec=7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
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- 20 July 2016
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