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Lasioglossum viridatum (Lovell, 1905)
Halictus viridatus Lovell, 1905; Dialictus lepidus Mitchell, 1960; Dialictus viridatus (Lovell, 1905)

Life   Insecta   Hymenoptera   Apoidea   Halictidae   Lasioglossum
Subgenus: Dialictus

Lasioglossum viridatum FEM CFP comp
© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014 · 7
Lasioglossum viridatum FEM CFP comp

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Lasioglossum viridatum MALE CFP
© Copyright Laurence Packer 2014 · 7
Lasioglossum viridatum MALE CFP
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, below
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, below

Lasioglossum viridatum, male, face
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, face
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, face side
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, face side

Lasioglossum viridatum, male, mesepisternum side
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, mesepisternum side
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, propodeum
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, propodeum

Lasioglossum viridatum, male, scutum
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, scutum
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, side
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, side

Lasioglossum viridatum, male, terga side
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, terga side
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, terga top
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, terga top

Lasioglossum viridatum, male, vertex
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, vertex
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, wing
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, wing

Lasioglossum viridatum, male, wing
© John B. Pascarella, Valdosta State University, Georgia · 1
Lasioglossum viridatum, male, wing
Overview
Reprinted with permission from: Mitchell, T.B. 1960 Bees of the Eastern United States. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin No. 141.


FEMALE�Length 5.5 mm.; head and thorax dark olive green, abdomen piceous, with faint greenish reflections; pubescence short, thin, entirely whitish-yellow, somewhat dense on posterior segments of abdomen; head very slightly broader than long; clypeus broadly convex, projecting nearly two-thirds below suborbital line; supraclypeal area nearly as long as broad, and only very slightly shorter than clypeus; eyes convergent below; lateral ocelli subequally distant from eyes and each other; cheeks subequal to eyes in width; face below ocelli rather dull, punctures rather coarse and deep, quite close but not crowded, becoming fine, irregular and obscure on vertex; cheeks above rather dull, minutely and very closely punctate, punctures very obscure, becoming more striate posteriorly and toward ventral surface, but this shining and smooth; hypostomal carinae parallel, apical angle rather broadly rounded; lower half of face rather dull and tessellate between the coarse, rather shallow punctures, these well separated between antennae and eyes, becoming rather close below this, somewhat finer and more sparse on supraclypeal area, fine and rather close along upper margin of clypeus, becoming quite coarse, deep and more widely separated apically; scutum and scutellum dull and tessellate, punctures rather deep and distinct, (much as in rohweri, fig. 99); pleura dull, rather coarsely reticulate anteriorly, becoming quite coarsely striate posteriorly; dorsal area of propodeum coarsely and completely striate, lateral faces rather dull, very finely striate along anterior margin, becoming somewhat smoother posteriorly; wings hyaline, veins and stigma yellowish-testaceous; tegulae testaceous, becoming rather clear hyaline anteriorly; legs piceous basally, becoming somewhat more brownish apically; abdominal terga somewhat shining, basal tergum nearly impunctate, terga 2 and 3 with exceedingly minute but rather close punctures across basal half, apical half nearly impunctate, impressed apical area evident only laterally, more or less reddish and becoming narrowly yellowish-hyaline along rims, terga 3 and 4 partially obscured by the rather dense, pale, appressed tomentum.

MALE�Length 5 mm.; head and thorax green, abdomen piceous, with some faint, metallic reflections; pubescence short, thin, entirely whitish, rather dense on face and cheeks, and quite copious on thorax laterally; head about as broad as long; clypeus convex, rather narrow, projecting about two-thirds below suborbital line; eyes strongly convergent below; lateral ocelli slightly nearer eyes than to each other; antennae slightly nearer eyes than to each other, basal segment of flagellum about as broad as long, slightly longer than pedicel, 2nd and following segments about one and a half times as long as broad, brownish-ferruginous beneath, becoming somewhat darker above; mandibles and labrum yellowish; cheeks narrower than eyes; face below ocelli rather dull, punctures deep, distinct, rather coarse and quite close, but not crowded, becoming more minute, obscure and sparse on vertex; cheeks above somewhat shining, punctures very minute, close and obscure, becoming very finely striate posteriorly and below, but lower surface quite smooth and somewhat shining; hypostomal carinae subparallel; punctures of lower half of face obscured by the dense, pale tomentum; scutum and scutellum rather dull, very finely tessellate, punctures quite distinct but shallow and rather widely separated medially, becoming quite close and deep on extreme sides; pleura finely reticulate or rugose anteriorly, becoming vaguely substriate or subpunctate posteriorly; dorsal area of propodeum rather short medially, coarsely and completely striate over entire width, lateral faces rather dull, quite finely substriate anteriorly, becoming coarsely reticulate posteriorly; wings hyaline, veins and stigma yellowish-testaceous; tegulae testaceous, becoming more clear hyaline anteriorly; legs piceous basally, tibiae more brownish, with the base and apex yellowish, all tarsi yellow; abdominal terga shining, basal tergum with minute, scattered and very obscure punctures, terga 2 and 3 very finely and rather closely punctate across the base, punctures becoming obscure or absent apically, apical impressed area rather narrow, not evident medially, apical rims quite abruptly and distinctly whitish-hyaline; terga 3-5 covered with very thin, whitish, suberect pubescence; apical margin of sternum 5 rather broadly and shallowly incurved; sternum 7 much as in zephyrus (fig. 101), but median process more slender and elongate; gonostylus of armature resembling that in laevissimus (fig. 102).

DISTRIBUTION�Minnesota to Nova Scotia, south to Louisiana and Georgia; April to September.

FLOWER RECORDS�Aralia, Aster, Barbarea, Leontodon, Melilotus, Rheum, Rubus, Satire, Solidago and Taraxacum. Brittain and Newton (1934) record viridatus also on Brassica, Cichorium, Diervilla, Epilobium, Pyrus malus, Rhododendron, and Vaccinium.


Retrieved from: Gibbs, J. 2010. Revision of the metallic species of Lasioglossum (Dialictus)in Canada (Hymenoptera, Halictidae, Halictini). Zootaxa; 2591, 351-355


Halictus viridatus Lovell, 1905b: 300. ♀ ♂. Lectotype. ♀ USA, Maine, Waldoboro, vi, [NMNH: 71574] by T.B. Mitchell. Examined. Dialictus lepidus Mitchell, 1960: 438. ♂. Holotype. ♂ USA, Michigan, Keweenaw Co., 27.viii.[year obscured] (R.R. Dreisbach); [NCSU]. Examined.


Taxonomy. Michener, 1951: Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) viridatum, p. 1118 (catalogue); Mitchell, 1960: Dialictus viridatus ♀, p. 430 (redescription); Mitchell, 1962: Dialictus viridatus, p. 547 (synonymy); Krombein, 1967: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) viridatum, p. 466 (catalogue); Dialictus viridatus, p. 1973 (catalogue); Moure & Hurd, 1987: Dialictus viridatus, p. 139 (catalogue).


Diagnosis. Females of L. viridatum can be recognised by the diagnostic combination of a round head (length/width ratio = 0.94�0.96), imbricate mesoscutum with moderately coarse punctures that are moderately sparse on central disc (i=1�2d), reddish brown tegula, strongly rugose mesepisternum, metapostnotum rugoso-striate reaching the posterior margin (Fig. 236D), T1 acarinarial fan with dorsal opening, brown metasomal terga with apical halves obscurely punctate, and T4 with sparse tomentum partially obscuring surface. They are most similar to L. atwoodi which has the metapostnotal rugae almost but not reaching the posterior margin and T4 with only scattered tomentum not obscuring surface.


Males of L. viridatum are similar to females but may be further distinguished by the moderately elongate head (length/width ratio = 1.01�1.02), elongate flagellomeres (length/width ratio = 1.56�1.64), nearly reticulate anterolateral portions of mesoscutum, brownish yellow tarsi, apical impressed areas of the metasomal terga impunctate, and apicolateral portions of S3�S5 with moderately dense plumose hairs.


Redescription. FEMALE. Length 5.49�6.22 mm; head length 1.46�1.58 mm; head width 1.56�1.66 mm; forewing length 3.90�4.33 mm.


Colouration. Head and mesosoma green with faint golden or bluish reflections. Clypeus with apical half blackish brown and basal half, and supraclypeal area golden. Antenna dark brown, flagellum with ventral surface reddish brown, F8�F10 sometimes orange-yellow. Tegula reddish to pale translucent amber. Wing membrane subhyaline, venation and pterostigma pale amber to brownish yellow. Legs brown, medio- and distitarsi reddish brown. Metasoma dark brown, terga and sterna with apical margins translucent brownish yellow.


Pubescence. Dull white. Moderately sparse. Head and mesosoma with moderately dense woolly hairs (1� 1.5 OD), longest on genal beard, metanotum and mesopleuron (2�2.5 OD). Lower paraocular area and gena with sparse tomentum not obscuring surface. Propodeum with moderately dense plumose hairs on lateral and posterior surfaces (2�2.5 OD). Metasomal terga with moderately dense, fine setae. T1 acarinarial fan with wide dorsal opening, equal to width of lateral hair patches. T2 basolaterally and T3�T5 entirely with scattered tomentum not obscuring surface. T2 apicolateral and T3�T4 apical margins with very sparse fringes.


Surface sculpture. Face weakly imbricate, punctation moderately strong. Clypeus with apical half polished, punctation moderately sparse (i=1�2d). Supraclypeal area with punctation moderately sparse (i=1�2d). Lower paraocular area punctation dense (i≤d). Antennocular area punctation moderately dense (i≤1.5d). Upper paraocular area and frons reticulate-punctate. Ocellocular area minutely punctate (i≤d). Gena lineolate. Postgena polished, faintly lineolate. Mesoscutum weakly tessellate-imbricate, punctation moderately coarse and deep, sparse anteromedially (i=2�3d), moderately sparse between parapsidal lines (i=1�2d), dense laterad of parapsidal line (i≤d), and reticulate on anterolateral portions. Mesoscutellum similar to mesoscutum, submedial punctation sparse (i=1.5�4d). Axilla punctate. Metanotum imbricate. Pre�pisternum rugose. Hypoepimeral area ruguloso-imbricate. Mesepisternum rugose. Metepisternum with dorsal half rugoso-striate, ventral half imbricate. Metapostnotum completely rugoso-striate, reaching posterior margin. Propodeum with dorsolateral slope and lateral surface weakly ruguloso-imbricate, posterior surface tessellate above, rugulose below. Metasomal terga polished except margins faintly coriarious, punctation moderately sparse punctures on basal halves (i=1.5�3d), obscure on apical half, T1 dorsal surface and T2 apical impressed area virtually impunctate.


Structure. Head wide (length/width ratio = 0.94�0.96). Eyes convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.21� 1.23). Clypeus � below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins convergent. Antennal sockets close (IAD/ OAD < 0.5). Frontal line carinate, ending 2.5 OD below median ocellus. Gena narrower than eye. Inner metatibial spur pectinate with 3�4 teeth. Metapostnotum moderately elongate (MMR ratio = 1.19�1.30), posterior margin weakly angled onto posterior surface. Propodeum with oblique carina weak, linear, lateral carina divergent, nearly reaching dorsal margin.


MALE. Similar to female except for the usual secondary sexual characters and as follows. Length 5.12� 5.67 mm; head length 1.48�1.67 mm; head width 1.46�1.66 mm; forewing length 3.72�4.27 mm.


Colouration. Labrum reddish brown. Mandible orange. Flagellum with ventral surface orange-yellow. Tibial apices, and metatibial base and tarsi orange to yellowish brown.


Pubescence. Face below eye emargination with moderately dense tomentum partially obscuring surface. Lower paraocular area with dense tomentum obscuring surface. Gena without tomentum. S3�S5 apicolateral portions with moderately dense plumose hairs.


Surface sculpture. Mesoscutum anterolateral portion reticulate-rugose. Hypoepimeral area rugose. Metepisternum with dorsal two thirds rugoso-striate. Propodeum dorsolateral slope, and lateral and posterior surface strongly rugose. Metasomal terga apical halves impunctate (except along premarginal line).


Structure. Head moderately elongate (length/width ratio = 1.01�1.02). Eyes strongly convergent below (UOD/LOD ratio = 1.54�1.63). Clypeus 2/3 below suborbital tangent, apicolateral margins weakly convergent. Antennal sockets distant (IAD/OAD > 1.4). Frontal line carinate, ending 1.5 OD below median ocellus. IOD subequal to OOD. Pedicel shorter than F1. F2 length 1.8X F1. F2�F10 moderately elongate (length/ width ratio = 1.56�1.64). Metapostnotum moderately elongate (MMR ratio = 1.25�1.29), posterior margin sharply angled onto posterior surface.


Terminalia. S7 with medial lobe columnar, apex truncate (Fig. 237F). S8 with apicomedial margin strongly convex (Fig. 237F). Genitalia as in Fig. 237D�E. Gonobase with ventral arms narrowly separated. Gonostylus small, slender, dorsal setae elongate. Retrorse lobe short, attenuated apically.


Range. Nova Scotia west to Manitoba, south to North Carolina (Fig. 235).


Additional material examined. CANADA: MANITOBA: 2♀♀ Tallgrass Prairie Preserve, N49.147 W096.6803, 312 m. 11.vi.2007 (Boudreault & Goulet); NEW BRUNSWICK: 1♀ Kent Co., St. Ignace, N46.707 W071.054, 31.vii.2005 (M. Gravel); NOVA SCOTIA: 4♀♀ Annapol. Co., Middleton, N44.9665 W065.5755, 11.vii.2002 (C. Sheffield); 1♀ Hants Co., Upper Rawdon, N45.0845 W063.7297, 10.vii.2003 (Sheffield, Rigby & Jansen); [PCYU]; ONTARIO: 1♀ Flesherton, R. Saugeen, 3.v.1980 (P.E. Hallet); 1♀ Flesherton, R. Saugeen, 12.vi.1983 (P.E. Hallet); 1♀ Flesherton, R. Saugeen, 2.vi.1985 (P.E. Hallet); 1♂ Flesherton, R. Saugeen, 18.vii.1988 (P.E. Hallet); 2♂♂ Flesherton, R. Saugeen, 19.vii.1988 (P.E. Hallet); [PHPC]; 1♀ Haliburton-Highlands, Plowright Farm, 29.v.1985 (L. Packer); [PCYU]; 15♀♀1♂ Metcalf, 29.vii.1983 (B.E. Cooper); [PMAE]; USA: INDIANA: 1♀ Lake Co., Indiana Dunes NL, Miller Woods, N41�36�26�� W087�17�09��, 5.vi.2003 (R. Grundel); MICHIGAN: 1♀ Allegan Co., 3 mi WSW Fennville, 25.v.2005 (J.K Tuell et al.); 1♀ Allegan Co., 2 mi ESE Douglas, 31.v.2006 (J.K Tuell et al.); [PCYU]; NEW HAMPSHIRE: 2♀♀ Nelsen [ANSP]; NEW YORK: 1♀ Tompkins Co., Hemlock Grv, Danby, 12.v.2009 (M.G. Park); [CUIC]; NORTH CAROLINA: 1♀ Great Smoky Mountain N. P., Cataloochee, N35.62813 W083.09997, 6.viii.2006 (J. Gibbs); [GSNP].


Floral records. APOCYNACEAE: Apocynum, ARALIACEAE: Aralia, ASCLEPIADACEAE: Asclepias, ASTERACEAE: Anaphalis, Aster, Cichorium, Epilobium, Eupatorium, Leontodon, Solidago, Taraxacum, BRASSICACEAE: Barbarea, Brassica, CAPRIFOLIACEAE: Diervilla, ERICACEAE: Rhododendron, Vaccinium, FABACEAE: Melilotus, POLYGONACEAE: Rheum, PRIMULACEAE: Lysimachia terrestris, ROSACEAE: Amelanchier, Geum, Malus sylvestris, Prunus, Rubus, SALICACEAE: Salix.


Biology. Lovell, 1908: (flower records); Reinhard, 1924: (predator); Atwood, 1933: (nest sites, nest architecture, guard behaviour, life history, parasites).


Comments. Uncommon.


Extracted from Jason Gibbs. 2011. Revision of the metallic Lasioglossum (Dialictus) of eastern North America (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Halictini.) Zootaxa.

Lasioglossum (Dialictus) viridatum (Lovell)

Halictus viridatus Lovell, 1905b: 300. ♀ ♂.

Lectotype. ♀ USA, Maine, Waldoboro, vi, [NMNH: 71574] designated herein. Examined.

Dialictus lepidus Mitchell, 1960: 438. ♂.

Holotype. ♂ USA, Michigan, Keweenaw Co., 27.viii.[year obscured] (R.R. Dreisbach); [NCSU]. Examined.

Taxonomy. Michener, 1951: Lasioglossum (Chloralictus) viridatum, p. 1118 (catalogue); Mitchell, 1960: Dialictus viridatus ♀, p. 430 (redescription); Mitchell, 1962: Dialictus viridatus, p. 547 (synonymy); Krombein, 1967: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) viridatum, p. 466 (catalogue); Dialictus viridatus, p. 1973 (catalogue); Moure & Hurd, 1987: Dialictus viridatus, p. 139 (catalogue); Gibbs, 2010b: Lasioglossum (Dialictus) viridatum ♀♂, p. 351 (redescription, key).

Diagnosis. Female L. viridatum can be recognised by the following diagnostic combination: head wide (length/ width ratio = 0.94�0.96); mesoscutum imbricate, punctures moderately coarse, relatively sparse between parapsidal lines(i=1�2d); tegula reddish brown; mesepisternum strongly rugose (Fig. 17A); metapostnotum rugoso-carinulate reaching the posterior margin; T1 acarinarial fan with dorsal opening; metasomal terga brown, apical halves obscurely punctate; and T4 with sparse tomentum, partially obscuring surface. They are most similar to L. atwoodi, which has metapostnotal rugae almost but not reaching the posterior margin and T4 with only scattered tomentum, not obscuring surface.

Male L. viridatum are similar to females but may be further distinguished by head relatively long (length/width ratio = 1.01�1.02), flagellomeres long (length/width ratio = 1.56�1.64), mesoscutum reticulate anterolaterally, tarsi brownish yellow, apical impressed areas of metasomal terga impunctate, and apicolateral portions of S3�S5 with moderately dense plumose hairs.

Range. Nova Scotia west to Manitoba, south to North Carolina. USA: CT, IN, MA, ME, MI, MN, NC, NH, NY,WI. CANADA: MB, NB, NS, ON, PE.

DNA Barcode. Available. Multiple sequences.

Comments. Common.

The name-bearing type has lectotype labels from both Mitchell and Covell. No publication by either of these authors could be found that makes a valid lectotype designation. To maintain stable usage of the name, the specimen indicated above is designated as the lectotype.


Names
Scientific source:

Supported by

Hosts · map
FamilyScientific name @ source (records)
Asteraceae  Solidago sempervirens @ UCMS_ENT (1)

Solidago @ AMNH_BEE (1)

Sonchus arvensis @ UCMS_ENT (1)

Taraxacum campylodes @ AMNH_BEE (1)
Plantaginaceae  Penstemon digitalis @ AMNH_BEE (1)
Plumbaginaceae  Limonium carolinianum @ UCMS_ENT (1)

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