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Overview |
Main identification features
- spiny dorsal fin orange
- lateral line has 28-31 scales
- lower jaw projects
- black bar behind operculum
- fins: white tips
Dorsal rays X,I,13-15; anal rays IV,11-13; lateral-line scales 28-31; 2.5 scale rows above lateral line; lower jaw of adults prominently projecting when mouth closed; teeth at front roof of mouth in a ~triangular patch; lower half of inner pectoral axil with small scales; no enlarged spine at lower rear corner of cheek.
Silvery pink with red scale edges; membrane at edge of gill cover black; upper pectoral axil black; spiny dorsal fin orange on outer half; all fins except pectorals with white tips.
Size: attains 31 cm.
Habitat: common at offshore island areas.
Depth: 1-160 m.
Widespread in the tropical Indo-Pacific from East Africa to the Americas; the tip of Baja, Costa Rica to Ecuador and the offshore islands.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 160 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: Pelagic crustacea; zooplankton.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=24; Southern limit=-3; Western limit=-115; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=27; Longitudinal range=37.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: All Pacific (West + Central + East); Indo-Pacific only (Indian + Pacific Oceans); TEP non-endemic; "Transpacific" (East + Central &/or West Pacific); All species.
Habitat: Corals; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 31 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); Eastern Pacific non-endemic; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Near Bottom; Bottom + water column;
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Names |
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Allen , G.R. and Robertson, D.R., 1994., Fishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific., Crawford House Press Pty Ltd:1-332.
- Allen , G.R. and Robertson, D.R., 1997., An Annotated Checklist of the fishes of Clipperton Atoll, Tropical Eastern Pacific., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 45:813-843.
- Edgar, G.J. Banks, S., Fariña, J.M., Calvopiña, M. and Martínez, C., 2004., Regional biogeography of shallow reef fish and macro-invertebrate communities in the Galapagos archipelago., Journal of Biogeography, 31:1107-1124.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
- Humann, P., 1993., Reef Fish Identification: Galapagos., New World Publishing:192pp.
- Jordan , D.S. and Evermann, B.W., 1903., Descriptions of new genera and species of fishes from the Hawaiian Islands., Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., 22:161-208.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Robertson , D.R. and Allen, G.A., 1996., Zoogeography of the shorefish fauna of Clipperton Atoll., Coral Reefs, 15:121-131.
- Rosenblatt , R.H. , McCosker , J.E. and Rubinoff, I., 1972., Indo-west Pacific fishes from the Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama., Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 234:18pp.
- Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
- Vega, A.J., Villareal, N., 2003., Peces asociados a arrecifes y manglares en el Parque Nacional Coiba., Tecnociencia, 5:65-76.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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Following modified from Australian Faunal Directory
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Following modified from Taiwan Biodiversity National Information Network
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Following modified from FishBase
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Updated: 2024-03-29 13:09:11 gmt
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