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Nicholsina denticulata (Evermann and Radcliffe, 1917)
LOOSETOOTH PARROTFISH
Loose-tooth parrotfish

Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Scaridae   Nicholsina

Nicholsina denticulata
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Nicholsina denticulata

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Nicholsina denticulata
© Copyright Roger Steene, 2006 · 0
Nicholsina denticulata
Nicholsina denticulata
© Copyright Gerald Allen, 2006 · 0
Nicholsina denticulata

Nicholsina denticulata
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Nicholsina denticulata
Nicholsina denticulata
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Nicholsina denticulata

Nicholsina denticulata
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Nicholsina denticulata
español

Overview
Main identification features
  • initial phase : mottled olive
  • terminal phase : mottled olive, throat and tail fin red
  • teeth in rows
  • no canines beside top jaw
Dorsal rays IX, 10; anal rays III, 9; pectoral rays 13; median predorsal scales 4-5; a single row of 4-5 scales on cheek below eye; teeth not fully fused to form plates, the individual flattened teeth readily apparent on outer surface of jaws, their tips forming a jagged cutting edge, no canine teeth; a skin flap across throat under operculum.

Drab brown or grey to reddish, but always strongly mottled, effectively blending in with surroundings; terminal males with red throat and tail fin.

Size: to about 30 cm.

Habitat: often common on algal-covered reefs.

Depth: 1-10 m.

Southern California to the Gulf of California to northern Peru, and the Galapagos.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 10 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: benthic microalgae; benthic macroalgae.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=33; Southern limit=-14; Western limit=-118; Eastern limit=-75; Latitudinal range=47; Longitudinal range=43.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Herbivore.
FishBase Habitat: Reef Associated.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Macroalgae; Reef associated (reef + edges-water column & soft bottom); Rocks; Reef (rock &/or coral); Reef only.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 30 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • Bellwood, D. R., 1991., A phylogenetic study of the parrotfishes family Scaridae (Pisces: Labroidei), with a revision of genera., Records of the Australian Museum, 20:1-86.
  • Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
  • De la Cruz , J. , Galvan , F. , Abitia , L. A. , Rodriguez , J. and Gutierrez, F. J., 1994., Lista sistematica de los peces marinos de Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Systematic List of marine fishes from Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico)., Ciencias Marinas, 20:17-31.
  • Edgar, G.J. Banks, S., Fariña, J.M., Calvopiña, M. and Martínez, C., 2004., Regional biogeography of shallow reef fish and macro-invertebrate communities in the Galapagos archipelago., Journal of Biogeography, 31:1107-1124.
  • Evermann , B. W. and Radcliffe, L., 1917., The fishes of the West Coast of Peru and the Titicaca Basin., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 95:1-166.
  • Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo .  Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
  • Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
  • Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
  • Humann, P., 1993., Reef Fish Identification: Galapagos., New World Publishing:192pp.
  • Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
  • Lea, R.N. and Rosenblatt, R.H., 2000., Observations on fishes associated with the 1997-1998 El Niño off California., CalCOFL Rep., 41:117-129.
  • Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • McCosker, J.E., 1987., The fishes of the Galapagos Islands., Oceanus, 30:28-32.
  • Pondella II, D.J., Gintert, B.E., Cobb, J.R., Allen, L.G., 2005., Biogeography of the nearshore rocky-reef fishes at the southern and Baja California islands., Journal of Biogeography, 32:187-201.
  • Thomson , D.A. , Findley , L.T. and Kerstitch, A.N., 2000., Reef fishes of the Sea of Cortez., University of Texas Press(Revised Ed.):353.
  • Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
  • Villareal-Cavazos, A., Reyes-Bonilla, H., Bermúdez-Almada, B. and Arizpe-Covarrubias, O., 2000., Los peces del arrecife de Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California, México: Lista sistemática y aspectos de abundancia y biogeografía., Rev. Biol. Trop., 48:413-424.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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