www.fao.org Copyright Michel Lamboeuf · 0 Opisthonema berlangai |
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Overview |
Main identification features
- body depth ~30 percentsl
- d: filament not reaching tail
- yellow stripe behind opercle
- lower gill rakers: 50-87
- pectoral not to dorsal fin origin
Body relatively slender, its depth ~30% of standard length; top jaw without notch at front; mouth terminal; teeth small, conical; 2 bones above rear half of top jawbone; 50-87 rakers on central segment of first gill arch; dorsal at about midpoint of body, last ray long and filamentous but not reaching tail fin; pectoral short, not reaching under dorsal fin; anal fin short, origin well behind dorsal fin; 8 pelvic rays; belly scutes before and behind pelvics.
Silver; a yellow stripe along upper flank from operculum to tail base. Following colors may also develop: a dark spot immediately behind upper operculum; 1-2 dark spots on top of back under dorsal fin; 1-3 irregular rows of dark spots along upper back; several stripes along upper back.
Size: 34 cm.
Habitat: coastal pelagic.
Depth: 0-10 m?.
Endemic to the Galapagos Islands.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 10 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: pelagic fish larvae; pelagic fish eggs; zooplankton.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=2; Southern limit=-2; Western limit=-93; Eastern limit=-90; Latitudinal range=4; Longitudinal range=3.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Planktivore.
FishBase Habitat: Pelagic.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Water column.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 34 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s) only; Island (s); TEP endemic; TEP oceanic island (s) endemic; Galapagos Islands endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Brackish; Freshwater.
Water Column Position: Near Surface; Surface; Water column only;
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Links to other sites |
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References |
- Berry , and Barret,., 1963., Gillraker analysis and speciation in the thread herring genus *Opisthonema*., Bull. Inter-Amer. Tuna Comm., 7:113-190.
- Molina, L., Danulat, E., Oviedo, M., González, J.A., 2004., Guía de especies de interés pesquero en la Reserva Marina de Galápagos., Fundación Charles Darwin / Agencia Espeñola de Cooperación Internacional / Dirección Parque Nacional Galápagos, 115pp.
- Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985., Clupeoid fishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1. Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7., FAO Fish. Synop. No 125, 125(1):1-303.
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Acknowledgements |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Opisthonema&speciesname=berlangai ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Opisthonema&speciesname=berlangai http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Opisthonema&speciesname=berlangai ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Opisthonema&speciesname=berlangai https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Opisthonema&speciesname=berlangai ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Opisthonema-berlangai.html
Opisthonema berlangai, Galapagos thread herring : fisheries
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Teleostei (teleosts) >
Clupeiformes
(Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae
(Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology:
Opisthonema:
Greek, opisthe = behind + Greek,nema = filament (Ref.
45335
)
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; pelagic-neritic; depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref.
188
). Tropical; 3°N - 4°S, 94°W - 89°W (Ref.
188
)
Southeast Pacific: endemic to the Galapagos Islands.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
 
?
  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
188
); common length : 18.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref.
188
)
Dorsal
spines
(total): 0;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 13-21;
Anal
spines
: 0;
Anal
soft rays
: 15 - 17. The filamentous last dorsal fin ray distinguishes this species from members of any other eastern Pacific clupeoid genus. Lower gill rakers 50 to 87 in fishes over 14 cm standard length (intermediate between
O. medirastre
with 41 to 69 and
O. libertate
with 63 to 110, but neither of these occur in the Galapagos Islands).
Forms schools.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
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Spawning
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Eggs
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Fecundity
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Larvae
Whitehead, P.J.P.
, 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref.
188
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Least Concern (LC)
; Date assessed:
15 September 2022
CITES
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 14.5 - 23.7, mean 19.3 °C (based on 4 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00912 (0.00433 - 0.01920), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Low
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 175 [97, 371] mg/100g; Iron = 1.71 [0.94, 3.00] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [18.0, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.442 [0.231, 0.860] g/100g; Selenium = 36.6 [17.6, 89.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43.8 [14.7, 136.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.05 [0.70, 1.62] mg/100g (wet weight);
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Updated: 2024-04-19 20:33:47 gmt
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