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Main identification features
Elongate, somewhat compressed body; head large, triangular, wide and flat between eyes, top of head covered with thick scaly skin and not spongy to touch; with long blunt snout; eye small; mouth large (extends just past eye), at front, lower jaw slightly projecting; tip of lower jaw with 2 pores and a central knob; toothless skin-covered gap at front of top jaws; teeth short, conical to flat, tightly packed in a patch that is like sandpaper to touch, tooth bands on top jaw do not converge at front, those on bottom jaw do, when mouth is closed top jaw tooth bands are exposed at each side and enclose the lower jaw, hence the teeth of the top and bottom jaws do not touch; gill rakes long and slender on sides, short and knob-like in center; preopeculum margin smooth; a bony scaly flap over top edge of gill cover; dorsal fin X, 21; anal fin short, with II short spines, 8 rays; tail fin long, rhomboidal; pectoral moderately long, extends slightly beyond tip of pelvic; scales large, rough on body and fins, smooth on head (except a few rough scales on opercle), dorsal and anal with 1-2 rows of scales along base; lateral line scales that have pores are rough, with branching canals, 47-48 lateral line scales
Body medium silvery grey, with 4 faint bars along top of back and tail base; fins dark blackish grey; part of lateral line on body pinkish grey; inside gill cavity with dark lining; inside mouth pale.
Size: 28 cm.
Habitat: on soft bottoms in estuaries.
Depth: 5-10 m.
Known only from the Gulf of San Miguel, eastern Panama.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo).
Depth Range Max: 10 m.
Depth Range Min: 5 m.
Diet: bony fishes; mobile benthic worms.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=9; Southern limit=9; Western limit=-79; Eastern limit=-79; Latitudinal range=1; Longitudinal range=1.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Estuary; Mud; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only; Sand & gravel.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 28 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent only; Continent; TEP endemic; Continental TEP endemic; Panamic province endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Brackish; Marine.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;
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- Chao , L. N. , Béarez , P. and Robertson, D. R., 2001., A new genus and new species of Sciaenidae from the Gulf of Panama (Perciformes: Sciaenidae)., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 49(Supplement 1):81-87.
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