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Pleuronichthys ritteri Starks and Morris, 1907
SPOTTED TURBOT
Life   Vertebrata   Fish   Pleuronectidae   Pleuronichthys

Pleuronichthys ritteri
www.fao.org Copyright Michel Lamboeuf · 0
Pleuronichthys ritteri

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Pleuronichthys ritteri
© Copyright Photographer/SFTEP, 2002 · 0
Pleuronichthys ritteri
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Overview
Main identification features
  • crest between eyes: low, no spine
  • 3 dark spots
  • tail base: narrow
  • eyes right side, small
Eyes small, on right side of body; rear edge if preopercle free; lateral line with branch along base of front half of dorsal fin; pelvic fins symmetrical; origin of dorsal fin on blind side of head; lips thin, with transverse folds; bony crest between eyes low, without spine at each end; a row of small teeth on lower jaw of eye-side; upper eye relatively small (6.3-8.1% of standard length); base of tail relatively narrow (its width 4.4-5.6 times in height of body); 12-17 (usually 14) rakers on first gill arch.

Brown to grey-brown with light speckles; usually 1 dark blotches on midbody centered on the lateral line, two small dark blotches at base of last rays of dorsal and anal fins; blind side white.

Size: reaches 30 cm.

Habitat: soft bottoms, especially in bays.

Depth: 1-97 m.

California to the tip of Baja California.


Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap).
Depth Range Max: 97 m.
Depth Range Min: 1 m.
Diet: bony fishes; mobile benthic gastropods/bivalves; mobile benthic worms; octopus/squid/cuttlefish; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs).
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=38; Southern limit=24; Western limit=-123; Eastern limit=-111; Latitudinal range=14; Longitudinal range=12.
Egg Type: Pelagic; Pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Demersal.
Global Endemism: TEP non-endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Mud; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove); Soft bottom only; Sand & gravel.
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 30 cm.
Regional Endemism: Continent only; Continent; Temperate Eastern Pacific, primarily; Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) non-endemic; California province, primarily; All species.
Residency: Vagrant.
Salinity: Marine; Marine Only.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Bottom only;


Names
Scientific source:

Links to other sites

References
  • De la Cruz , J. , Galvan , F. , Abitia , L. A. , Rodriguez , J. and Gutierrez, F. J., 1994., Lista sistematica de los peces marinos de Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico). Systematic List of marine fishes from Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur (Mexico)., Ciencias Marinas, 20:17-31.
  • Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
  • Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen III. Vertebrados - Parte 2., FAO3:1201-1813.
  • Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
  • Hubbs, C.L., 1916., Notes on the Marine Fishes of California., Univ. Calif. Pubs. Zool., 16:153-169.
  • Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
  • Pondella II, D.J., Gintert, B.E., Cobb, J.R., Allen, L.G., 2005., Biogeography of the nearshore rocky-reef fishes at the southern and Baja California islands., Journal of Biogeography, 32:187-201.
  • Pérez-Mellado, J., Findley, LL. F., 1985., Evaluación de la ictiofauna acompañante del camarón capturado en las costas de Sonora y norte de Sinaloa, México. In Yáñez-Arancibia, A. (Ed.) Recursos pesqueros potenciales de México: La pesca acompañante del camarón., Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: Cap. 5:201-254.
  • Starks , and Morris,., 1907., The marine fishes of southern California., Univ. Calif. Pubs. Zool., 3:159-251.

Acknowledgements

I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.


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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Pleuronichthys&speciesname=ritteri ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Pleuronichthys&speciesname=ritteri
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Pleuronichthys&speciesname=ritteri ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Pleuronichthys&speciesname=ritteri
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Pleuronichthys&speciesname=ritteri ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Pleuronichthys-ritteri.html
Pleuronichthys ritteri, Spotted turbot
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Common name (e.g. trout)

Genus + Species (e.g. Gadus morhua)

Pleuronichthys ritteri Starks & Morris , 1907

Spotted turbot Add your observation in Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pleuronichthys ritteri   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
Upload your photos  and  videos
Pictures | Google image Image of Pleuronichthys ritteri (Spotted turbot) Pleuronichthys ritteri
Picture by FAO

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes( genus , species ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronichthyinae
Etymology: Pleuronichthys: Greek, pleura = side, ribe Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335 ) .
More on authors: Starks & Morris .

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 1 - 50 m (Ref. 9331 ). Subtropical; - 25°N

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Morro Bay in central California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L m   ?   range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9015 )

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Common in bays (Ref. 9331 ).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe , 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998 )

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435 )

  Least Concern (LC)  ; Date assessed: 25 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361 )

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: of no interest FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes : genus , species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome , nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go , Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201 ): 8.6 - 22.5, mean 10.7 °C (based on 68 cells). Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804 ):  PD 50 = 0.5078   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high]. Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.00676 - 0.04074), b=3.01 (2.80 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245 ). Trophic level (Ref. 69278 ):  3.2   ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives Resilience (Ref. 120179 ):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.). Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153 ):  Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

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