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Overview | |
Main identification features
A small, relatively slender shark; snout long and pointed, semi-translucent when viewed from below; nostril slits oblique; lip furrows very long; 5 gill slits, last 2 over pectoral; ridge on back between dorsal fins - absent or rudimentary; origin of first dorsal fin over rear edge of pectoral fins; first dorsal fin moderate in size, with concave posterior margin; second dorsal fin slightly smaller than anal fin; origin of second dorsal fin over middle of anal fin; long crests before anal fin; pectoral fins moderately broad and triangular; notches above and below base of tail fin.
Grey or grey brown on back and sides, white below.
Maximum size to at least 110 cm, possibly 154 cm; size at birth 33-34 cm.
A relatively common inshore shark often living in shallow estuarine waters.
Depth: 0-100 m depth.
Southern California to the Gulf of California and to Peru; the Revillagigedos, Cocos and Malpelo.
Attributes
Abundance: Common.
Cites: Not listed.
Climate Zone: North Temperate (Californian Province &/or Northern Gulf of California); Northern Subtropical (Cortez Province + Sinaloan Gap); Northern Tropical (Mexican Province to Nicaragua + Revillagigedos); Equatorial (Costa Rica to Ecuador + Galapagos, Clipperton, Cocos, Malpelo); South Temperate (Peruvian Province ).
Depth Range Max: 100 m.
Depth Range Min: 0 m.
Diet: bony fishes; mobile benthic crustacea (shrimps/crabs); octopus/squid/cuttlefish.
Eastern Pacific Range: Northern limit=33; Southern limit=-6; Western limit=-118; Eastern limit=-78; Latitudinal range=39; Longitudinal range=40.
Egg Type: Live birth; No pelagic larva.
Feeding Group: Carnivore.
FishBase Habitat: Bentho-Pelagic.
Global Endemism: Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP) endemic; East Pacific endemic; All species.
Habitat: Mud; Sand & gravel; Water column; Soft bottom (mud, sand,gravel, beach, estuary & mangrove).
Inshore Offshore: Inshore; Inshore Only.
IUCN Red List: Not evaluated / Listed.
Length Max: 154 cm.
Regional Endemism: Island (s); Continent; Continent + Island (s); TEP endemic; All species.
Residency: Resident.
Salinity: Marine; Brackish.
Water Column Position: Bottom; Mid Water; Near Bottom; Bottom + water column;
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Names | |
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Links to other sites | |
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References |
- Bellido-Millán, J.M. and Villavicencio-Garayzar, C.J., 2002., Pesqueria artesanal de tiburon en la region central del Golfo de California. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:143-152.
- Breder, C.M. Jr., 1928., Scientific results of the second oceanographic expedition of the "Pawnee" 1926. Elasmobranchii from Panama to Lower California., Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Collect. Yale Univ., 2(1):1-13.
- Béarez, P., 1996., Lista de los Peces Marinos del Ecuador Continental., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 44:731-741.
- Castri-Aguirre, J.L., Espinoza-Pérez, H. and Schmitter-Soto, J.J., 2002., Lista sitemática, biogeográfica y ecológica de la ictiofauna estuarino lagunar y vicaria de México. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:117-142.
- Castro-Aguirre, J.L. and Balart, E.F., 2002., La ictiofauna de las islas Revillagigedos y sus relaciones zoogeograficas, con comentarios acerca de su origen y evolucion. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:153-170.
- Castro-Aguirre, J.L., 1999., Ictiofauna estuarino-lagunar y vicaria de México., Editorial Limusa S.A. de C.V.: 1-629pp.
- Compagno, L.J.V., 1999., Checklist of living elasmobranchs. In Hamlett W.C. (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes., The John Hopkins University Press:471-498.
- Compagno, L.J.V., 1984., Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO Species Catalogue., FAO Fish. Synop. No 125, 4(2):251-655.
- Eschmeyer , W. N. , Herald , E. S. and Hamman, H., 1983., A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Peterson Field Guide Ser. 28., Houghton Mifflin:336pp.
- Findley, L.T., Hendrickx, M.E., Brusca, R.C., van der Heiden, A.M., Hastings, P.A., Torre, J., 2003., Diversidad de la Macrofauna Marina del Golfo de California, Mexico., CD-ROM versión 1.0. Projecto de la Macrofauna del Golfo . Derechos reservados de los autores y Conservación Internacional.
- Fischer , W. , Krup , F. , Schneider , W. , Sommer , C. , Carpenter , K. E. and Niem, V. H., 1995., Guia FAO para la Identificacion de Especies de para los fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. Volumen II. Vertebrados - Parte 1., FAO2:647-1200.
- Fowler, H.W., 1944., Results of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific Islands). The Fishes., Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., Monographs, 6:57-529.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., Pérez-España, H., Chávez-Ramos, H., 1996., Systematics list of the fishes from Cerralvo island, Baja California Sur, Mexico., Ciencias Marinas, 22:295-311.
- Galván-Magaña, F., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, F., Abitia-Cárdenas, L.A., Rodríguez-Romero, J., 2000., The distribution and affinities of the shore fishes of the Baja California Sur lagoons. In Aquatic Ecosystems of Mexico: Status and Scope. Eds. M. Manuwar, S.G. Lawrence, I.F. Manuwar & D.F. Malley. Ecovision World Monograph Series., Backhuys Publishers:383-398.
- Hildebrand, S.F., 1946., A descriptive catalog of the shore fishes of Peru., Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 189:1-530.
- Jimenez-Prado, P., Béarez, P., 2004., Peces marinos del Ecuador continental / Marine fishes of continental Ecuador., SIMBIOE/NAZCA/IFEA tomo 1 y 2.
- Jordan , D.S. and Gilbert, C.H., 1882., Description of four new species of sharks, from Mazatlan, Mexico., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 5:102-110.
- Jordan, D.S., 1895., The fishes of Sinaloa., Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 2), 5:377-514.
- Lopez , M. I. and Bussing, W. A., 1982., Lista provisional de los peces marinos de la Costa Rica., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 30(1):5-26.
- Love, M.S., Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., Thorsteinson, L.K., 2005., es of the West Coast and Alaska: a checklist of North Pacific and Artic Ocena species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border., U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, 288pp.
- Madrid Vera , J. , Ruíz Luna , A. and Rosado Bravo, I., 1998., Peces de la plataforma continental de Michoacán y sus relaciones regionales en el Pacífico mexicano., Revista de Biologia Tropical, 42(2):267-276.
- Meek , S.E. and Hildebrand, S.F., 1923., The marine fishes of Panama. Part I., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser. Publ., XV:1-330.
- Minckley, W.L., 2002., Fishes of the lowermost colorado river, its delta, and estuary: a commentary on biotic change. En: Lozano-Vilano, M. L. (Ed.). Libro Jubilar en Honor al Dr. Salvador Contreras Balderas., Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo León:63-78.
- Ramírez Rodríguez, M., 1997., Producción pesquera en la Bahía de La Paz, B.C.S.. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:273-282.
- Ricker, K.E., 1959., Mexican shore and pelagic fishes collected from Acapulco to Cape San Lucas during the 1957 cruise of the "Marijean"., Univ. Brit. Columbia Inst. Fish., Mus. Contrib., 3:18pp.
- Van der Heiden , A. M. and Findley, L. T., 1988., Lista de los peces marinos del sur de Sinaloa, México., Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico, 15:209-224.
- Villavicencio Garayzar , C. J. , Mariano Meléndez , E. and Downton Hoffmann, C., 1997., Tiburones capturados comercialmente en la Bahía de La Paz, B.C.S.. En Urbán Ramírez, J. y M. Ramírez Rodríguez (Eds.). La Bahía de La Paz investigación y conservación., Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur:201-236.
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Acknowledgements | |
I thank Ashley MacDonald and John Pickering, University of Georgia, for technical support in building this page.
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http://www.fishbase.org/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Rhizoprionodon&speciesname=longurio ---> http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Rhizoprionodon&speciesname=longurio
http://192.134.151.83/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Rhizoprionodon&speciesname=longurio ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Rhizoprionodon&speciesname=longurio
https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/Summary/speciesSummary.php?genusname=Rhizoprionodon&speciesname=longurio ---> https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/Rhizoprionodon-longurio.html
Rhizoprionodon longurio, Pacific sharpnose shark : fisheries
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Rhizoprionodon longurio
Picture by
Robertson, R.
Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes
(Ground sharks) >
Carcharhinidae
(Requiem sharks)
Etymology:
Rhizoprionodon:
rhiza
(Gr.), root;
prion
(Gr.) saw;
odon
(Gr.), tooth, referring to teeth with serrated (saw-like) bases, or roots [replacement name for
Rhizoprion
Ogilby 1915, preoccupied by
Rhizoprion
Jourdan 1861 in mammals]. (
See ETYFish
)
;
longurio:
Latin for a tall person, or a “slender youth or stripling†per Jordan & Evermann (1896), allusion not explained, perhaps referring to small, slim body of holotype (a male, presumably mature at 76.2 cm long), much smaller than its presumed congeners in
Carcharias
(original genus). (
See ETYFish
)
.
More on authors:
Jordan
&
Gilbert
.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; benthopelagic; depth range ? - 100 m (Ref.
96339
). Subtropical; 35°N - 17°S, 121°W - 73°W
Eastern Pacific: southern California, USA to Peru.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: L
m
63.5
, range 58 - 69 cm
Max length : 110 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref.
244
); 154.0 cm TL (female)
Adults are found on the continental shelves, more commonly on the littoral zone. Possibly to 154 cm. Viviparous (Ref.
50449
). Size at birth 33 to 34 cm. Utilized fresh or frozen for human consumption and also for fishmeal.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity
|
Reproduction
|
Spawning
|
Eggs
|
Fecundity
|
Larvae
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref.
205
). Viviparous, placental (Ref.
50449
).
Compagno, L.J.V.
, 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref.
244
)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref.
130435
)
Vulnerable (VU)
(A2cd); Date assessed:
07 February 2019
CITES
Appendix II:
International trade monitored
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
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Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201
): 18.1 - 28.7, mean 24.6 °C (based on 106 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804
): PD
50
= 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00427 (0.00199 - 0.00915), b=3.11 (2.94 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245
).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278
): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179
): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153
): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Price category (Ref.
80766
):
Medium
.
Nutrients (Ref.
124155
): Calcium = 14.1 [1.9, 80.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.633 [0.168, 1.855] mg/100g; Protein = 21.5 [18.6, 23.7] %; Omega3 = 0.276 [0.118, 0.584] g/100g; Selenium = 20.7 [6.3, 61.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.8 [6.6, 54.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.484 [0.228, 0.887] mg/100g (wet weight);
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- 20 July 2016
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Updated: 2024-04-19 17:47:59 gmt
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